Integumentary System

Question 1

Includes body membranes skin, hair, finger nails, and sweat and oil glands

Answer 1

Integumentary System

Question 2

Covers surfaces, line body cavities, and form protective sheets and organs

Answer 2

Body membranes

Question 3

The two major groups of body membranes

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Epithelial membranes and connective tissue membranes

Question 4

Generally called as skin or integumentary system

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Cutaneous membrane

Question 5

Also called covering and lining membrane; include the cutaneous membrane, the mucous membranes, and the serous membranes

Answer 5

Epithelial membranes

Question 6

Is composed of two layers, the superficial epidermis and the underlying dermis

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Cutaneous membranes

Question 7

Composed of stratified squamous epithelium

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Epidermis

Question 8

Mostly dense (fibrous) connective tissue

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Dermis

Question 9

Is exposed to air and is a dry membrane

Answer 9

Cutaneous membranes

Question 10

Mucous membrane is composed of epithelium resting on a loose connective tissue membrane called

Answer 10

Lamina propia

Question 11

This membrane type lines all body cavities that open to the exterior, such as those of the hollow organs of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts

Answer 11

Mucous membrane

Question 12

Refers only to the location of the epithelial membranes, not tgeir cellular makeup, which varies

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Mucosa

Question 13

Is composed of a layer of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar conmective tissue. It also line body cavities that are closed to the exterior

Answer 13

Serous membrane or serosa

Question 14

Serous membranes occurs in pair the

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Parietal layer and visceral layer

Question 15

A serous membrane layer that Lines up a specific portion of the wall of the ventral body cavity

Answer 15

Parietal layer

Question 16

A serous membrane layer that folds itself to form ____ wich covers the oustside of the organ cavities

Answer 16

Visceral layer

Question 17

The serous layers are separated not by air but by a scanty amount of thin, clear fluid, called

Answer 17

Serous fluid

Question 18

Allows tge organs to slide easily across the cavity walls and pne another without friction as they carry out their routine functions

Answer 18

The lubricating serous fluid

Question 19

Serosa lining the abdominal cavity and covering its organs is the

Answer 19

Peritoneum

Question 20

The membranes surrounding the lungs is

Answer 20

Pleurae

Question 21

The membranes around the heart are the

Answer 21

Pericardia

Question 22

Are composed of loose areolar connective tissue and contain no epithelial cells at all

Answer 22

Synovial membrabes

Question 23

This membranes lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints where they provide a smooth surface and secrete a lubricating fluid

Answer 23

Synovial membranes

Question 24

Line small sacs of connective tissue called ____ and the tubelike tendon sheaths

Answer 24

Bursae

Question 25

Is absolutely essential because it keeps water and other precious molecules in the body

Answer 25

Skin

Question 26

The skin also produces acidic secretions called _____that protect against bacterial invasion

Answer 26

Acid mantle

Question 27

Deep to the dermis is the _______ which is essentially is adipose (fats) tissue. Is not considered part of the skin, but does anchor the skin to underlying organs and provides a site for nutrient storage.

Answer 27

Subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis

Question 28

Serves as a shock absorber and insulates the deeper tissue from estreme temperature changes occurring outside the body

Answer 28

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 29

Most cells of the epidermis are _____ which produce keratin,

Answer 29

Keratinocytes

Question 30

The fibrous protein that makes the epidermis a tough protective layers in process is called

Answer 30

Keratinization

Question 31

The five layers of epidermis

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Stantrum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum and corneum

Question 32

Tge deepest cell layer of the epidermis that lies closest to the dermis and is connected to it along a wavy border that resembles corrugated cardboard.

Answer 32

Stratum basale

Question 33

Stem cells in this layer are constantly dividing; hence its alternate name is

Answer 33

Stratum germinativum

Question 34

As they move away from the dermis and become part of the more superficial layers, this 2 layers will become flatter and increasingly keratinized

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Stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum

Question 35

This latter epidermal is not present in all skin regions. It occurs only where the skin is hairless and extra thick, that is on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

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Stratum lucidum

Question 36

Is 20 to 30 cell layers thick, but it accounts for about three-quarters of the epidermal thickness

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Stratum corneum

Question 37

The shinglelike dead cell remnants, completely filled with keratin, are reffered to as

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Cornified or horny cells

Question 38

MERKEL CELLS Are associated with sensory nerve endings and serve as touch reseptors called

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Merkel disc

Question 39

MELANIN a pigment that ranges in color from yellow to brown to black is produced by special spider-shaped cells called

Answer 39

Melanocytes

Question 40

Scattered in the epidermis are ________ which are important "sentries" that alert and activate immune system cells to a threat such as bacterial or viral invasion

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Epidermal dendritic cells

Question 41

Is your "hide". It is a strong stretchy envelope that helps to bind the body together

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Dermis

Question 42

What are the 2 regions of dermis

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Papillary and reticular

Question 43

It is uneven and has peglike projections from its superior surface called

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Dermal papillae

Question 44

is the deepest skin layer

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reticular layer

Question 45

Is the superficial dermal region

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The papillary layer

Question 46

It contains dense irregular connective tissue, as well as blood vessels, sweat and oil glands, and deep pressure receptors called

Answer 46

Lamellar corpuscles

Question 47

Are responsible for the toughness of the dermis, they also attract and bind water and thus help to keep the skin hydrated

Answer 47

Collagen fibers

Question 48

Gives the skin its elasticity when we are young

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Elastic fibers

Question 49

As the melanocytes produce melanin, it accumulates in their cytoplasm in membrane-bound granules called

Answer 49

Melanosomes

Question 50

Are Yellow, reddish brown or black pigment

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Melanin

Question 51

Is an orange-yellow pigment plentiful in carrots and other orange, deep yellow or leafy green vegetables

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Carotene

Question 52

Pigment in red blood cells in the dermal blood vessels

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Hemoglobin

Question 53

Reddened skin may indicate embarrassment (blushing), fever, hypertension, inflammation, or allergy

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Redness or erythema

Question 54

Under certain types of emotional stress (fear, anger), some people became pale.

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Pallor or blanching

Question 55

Abnormal yellow skin tone usually signifies a liver disorder in which excess bile pigments accumulate in blood, circulate throughout the body, and become deposited in body tissues

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Jaundice or yellow cast

Question 56

The black-and-blue marks of bruising reveal sites where blood has escaped from circulation and has clotted in the tissue spaces

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Bruises

Question 57

Include cutaneous glands, hair and hair follicles, and nails

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Skin appendages

Question 58

Are all exocrine glands that releases their secretions to the skin surface via ducts

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Cutaneous glands

Question 59

2 groups of cutaneous glands

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The ssebaceous glands and sweat glands

Question 60

Are found all over the skin except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

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Sebaceous glands

Question 61

The product of sebaceous glands, is a mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells

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Sebum

Question 62

Also called sudoriferous glands are widely distributed in the skin

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Sweat glands

Question 63

2 types of sweat glands

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Eccrine glands and apocrine glands

Question 64

Are far more numerous and are found all over the body. They produce SWEAT a clear secretion that is primarily water plus

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Eccrine glands

Question 65

Sweat reaches the skib surface via a duct that opens externally as a funnel-shaped

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Sweat pore

Question 66

Are largely confined to the axillary and genital areas of the body

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Apocrine glands

Question 67

Is an important part of our body image

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Hair

Question 68

A flexible epithelial structure

Answer 68

Hair

Question 69

Part of the hair enclosed in the hair follicles is called

Answer 69

Root

Question 70

The part projecting from the surface of the scalp or skin is called

Answer 70

Shaft