Integumentary system

Question 1

membrane

Answer 1

a layer of connective tissue and a layer of epithelial tissue

Question 2

synovial membranes

Answer 2

line the fibrous connective tissue capsules found in the joints of the skeletal system

Question 3

synovial fluid

Answer 3

fluid secreted by the epithelial layer and server to reduce friction and wear to the bone ends during joint movement

Question 4

mucous membranes

Answer 4

are made of a simple epithelial layer attached to a thin basement membranes
tracks that are open to the outside

Question 5

serous membranes

Answer 5

are the epithelial membranes found in cavities that do not have opening to the external environment

like a balloon where the fluid does not touch outside of the serous container

Question 6

mucus

Answer 6

mucous membranes secrete a thick, usually clear substance

Question 7

example serous membranes

Answer 7

thoracic and abdominopelvic cavitites

Question 8

serous membranes are continuous but folded into 2 distinct layers:

Answer 8

parietal layer
visceral layer
names will be slightly different depending on what organ they adhere too

Question 9

parietal layer

Answer 9

lines the cavity

Question 10

visceral layer

Answer 10

covers the organs

Question 11

serous fluid

Answer 11

in the small space between the parietal and visceral layers which is secreted by the epithelial layer of membrane
provides lubrication to reduce friction between the two layers, which allows for smooth expansion, contraction, or movement of organs within the cavity

Question 12

cutaneous membrane

Answer 12

is the body’s outer covering and the primary organ of the integumentary system
our skin
consists of a stratified layer of epithelial tissue attached to a thick connective tissue layer

Question 13

pleura

Answer 13

in thoracic cavity, the serous membrane, protects the lungs as they expand and contract during breathing

Question 14

peritoneum

Answer 14

abdominopelvic cavity, the serous membrane that lines the cavity and covers the organs

Question 15

integumentary system

Answer 15

mainly skin, hair, and nail
cutaneous membrane
includes sudoriferous (sweat) glands, sebaceous (oil) glands, and general sensory receptors

Question 16

Functions of skin:

Answer 16

protection
temperature regulation
excretion and absorption
general sensory organ
synthesis of vitamin D

Question 17

Layers of skin

Answer 17

epidermis: made of epithelial tissue
dermal layer: connection tissue
hypodermis/subcutaneous layer: under cutaneous membrane

Question 18

Epidermis layers:

Answer 18

Horny (stratum corneum) layer
clear or glassy layer (stratum lucidum)
granular layer (stratum granaulosum)
spiny layer (stratum spinosum)
germinating layer (stratum germinativum or stratum basale)

Question 19

accessory organs

Answer 19

hair and nail

located within the dermis or arise from that layer and protrude through the epidermal layer

Question 20

follicle

Answer 20

a tube that surrounds the root portion of each hair below the skin

Question 21

arrector pili

Answer 21

a small smooth muscle that attached to the side of each hair follicle contracts to raise the hair when we are cold or frightened

Question 22

2 specialized types of glands in dermis:

Answer 22

sebaceous glands

sudoriferous glands

Question 23

sebaceous glands

Answer 23

oil glands, secrete an oily or waxy fluid that keeps skin soft and pliable
non on palms or soles of feet

Question 24

sebum

Answer 24

oily secretion from these glands, keeps hair and the epidermis soft and pliable and inhibits the growth of certain bacteria

Question 25

sudoriferous glands

Answer 25

secrete sweat through the pores of the skins

Question 26

2 types of sudoriferous glands with differing distribution patterns and secretions

Answer 26

eccrine glands

aporcrine glands

Question 27

sensory (cutaneous) receptors of the skin

Answer 27

skin includes a wide variety of sensory organs that sensitive to general senses:
touch, temperature pain, vibration, and pressure

Question 28

Free nerves endings

Answer 28

most numerous and widespread of the cutaneous receptors, sensitive to light touch, light pressure, and temperature, with separate receptors being sensitive to heat and cold

Question 29

nociceptors (pain) receptors

Answer 29

a specialize type of free nerve endings that are highly sensitive to the chemicals released by damaged cells

Question 30

skins cells LOOK UP

Answer 30

5 cells 
keratinocytes
langerhans cells 
melanocyte
merkel cell
melanin