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NUR 110/111 > Integumentary System, C29; WB, > Flashcards

Integumentary System, C29; WB, Flashcards

Module/Week 10

1
Q

Keratin

A

substance in Epidermis that causes skin cells to thicken & become resistant to water

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2
Q

________ is a substance in the Epidermis that causes skin cells to thicken & become resistant to water.

A

Keratin

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3
Q

Melanin

A

dark pigment that gives our skin, hair, & eyes color

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4
Q

__________ is a dark pigment that gives our skin, hair, & eyes color.

A

Melanin

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5
Q

Sebum

A

oily substance that lubricates skin & helps prevent drying out

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6
Q

________ is an oily substance that lubricates skin & helps prevent drying out.

A

Sebum

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7
Q

To help protect against pathogens, Sebum is slightly ______.

A

acidic.

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8
Q

_________ Glands produce thin, watery liquid containing salt & of other bodily wastes.

A

Eccrine

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9
Q

Eccrine Glands help cool body through process of ____________.

A

evaporation

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10
Q

Eccrine glands are in skin that covers ______ of body’s surface area.

A

most

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11
Q

Apocrine Glands are mostly in _________ & __________ skin.

A

axillae, perineum

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12
Q

Compared to Eccrine Glands, Apocrine Glands produce _____________ substance.

A

thicker

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13
Q

Apocrine Glands become active when ___________ starts. As we age, the apocrine glands become less ______.

A

puberty, active

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14
Q

Epidermis

A

skin’s outer layer

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15
Q

Skin’s outer layer is called _____________.

A

Epidermis

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16
Q

Epidermis _______ contain blood vessels & nerve cells.

A

doesn’t

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17
Q

Dermis is skin’s _______ layer.

A

deepest

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18
Q

Blood vessels & nerves suppling skin originate in _____________ ________ & send branches into ________.

A

Subcutaneous Tissue, Dermis

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19
Q

_________ hardens nails, & _______ colors hair.

A

Keratin, Melanin

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20
Q

Skin is a physical ________ preventing microbes from entering body.

A

barrier

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21
Q

Body’s first line of defense against invasion of harmful microbes is _____ skin.

A

intact

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22
Q

Skin helps maintain body’s _____ balance.

A

fluid

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23
Q

Skin helps regulate body ___________.

A

temperature

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24
Q

Integumentary System eliminates small _______ amounts.

A

waste

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25
Q

When person warms up, blood vessels in Dermis _______, allowing _____ blood to flow close to skin’s surface.

A

dilate, more

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26
Q

When internal temperature is ____, blood vessels in Dermis _______, causing ____ blood to flow near skin’s surface (allowing heat to escape to environment).

A

high, dilate, more

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27
Q

When internal temperature is ____, blood vessels in Dermis _______, causing ____ blood to flow near skin’s surface (retaining heat).

A

low, constrict, less

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28
Q

Wrinkles, gray hair, “age spots” are visible signs of ______.

A

aging

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29
Q

Melanin deposits in certain areas (face or backs of hands) cause ___/_____ Spots.

A

Age/Liver

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30
Q

Wrinkles form due to __________ loss.

A

Collagen

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31
Q

Collagen

A

protein that supports connective tissue (such as that found in Dermis)

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32
Q

____________ is a protein that supports connective tissue (such as that found in Dermis).

A

Collagen

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33
Q

Due to aging-related __________ adipose tissue (that supports Dermis) in Subcutaneous Layer, making SL less supportive of Dermis, wrinkles happen.

A

thinning

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34
Q

________ hair is caused by Melanin loss.

A

Blonde

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35
Q

Jaundice

A

yellow discoloration of skin & whites of eyes

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36
Q

Jaundice is usually associated with _____ disorders.

A

liver

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37
Q

Pallor

A

paleness

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38
Q

Flushing

A

redness/Erythema

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39
Q

Cyanosis

A

blue/gray discoloration of skin, lips, & nail beds

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40
Q

Cyanosis develops when tissues aren’t receiving enough ________-____ blood.

A

oxygen-rich

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41
Q

Pressure Injuries form when . . .

A

. . . body part presses against surface for long time.

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42
Q

Pressure Injury’s 3 other names:

A

Pressure Ulcers
Decubitus Ulcers
Bed Sores

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43
Q

Pressure Injuries are particularly likely to form over _____ ______________.

A

Bony Prominences

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44
Q

Bony Prominences

A

body parts where very little fat is between bone & skin

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45
Q

Body parts where very little fat is between bone & skin are called _____ _______________.

A

Bony Prominences

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46
Q

Blood flow lack to tissue causes it to die because tissue needs _______ & ________, which blood has.

A

oxygen, Nutrients.

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47
Q

Tissue death resulting from oxygen lack is called __________.

A

Necrosis

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48
Q

Necrosis

A

tissue death resulting from oxygen lack

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49
Q

Pressure Injuries may be very deep, extending to the ____, & they’re very difficult to ____.

A

bone, heal

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50
Q

Normal aging process causes changes skin of older person to be _______ & _____, with ______ circulation, making Pressure Injuries more likely to occur.

A

fragile, thin, circulation

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51
Q

Poor nutrition or/& not enough fluids are factors that ________ chances of developing Pressure Injuries; these factors _____ healing of any wound already formed.

A

increase, delay

52
Q

Moisture _________ breakdown if left on skin for long time; broken skin is start of Pressure Injury.

A

hastens

53
Q

Person with _____ or/& ______ disorder often has problems getting adequate oxygen &/or nutrients to tissues.

A

heart, lung

54
Q

People with circulatory &/or respiratory problems are at greater risk for developing Pressure Injuries because tissues are already deprived of _______ & __________.

A

oxygen, nutrients

55
Q

Friction & Shearing can _______ skin & lead to skin __________.

A

injure, breakdown

56
Q

Pressure Injuries have _ stages.

A

5

57
Q

Stage 1 Pressure Injury

A

reddened skin area that doesn’t return to normal color after pressure removed; area may then become very pale or white & develop shiny appearance

58
Q

During S1PI, skin is _________ & doesn’t return to normal color after pressure removed; area may then become very ____ or _____ & develop _______ appearance.

A

erythemic, pale, white, shiny

59
Q

Stage 2 Pressure Injury

A

looks like blister, abrasion, or shallow crater; Epidermis peels away or cracks open, creating Entry Portal for microbes; Dermis may be partially worn away

60
Q

During S2PI, skin looks like _______, abrasion, or shallow ______; _______ peels away or cracks open, creating ______ _______ for microbes; Dermis may be _________ worn away.

A

blister, crater, Epidermis, Entry Portal, partially

61
Q

Stage 3 Pressure Injury

A

Epidermis & Dermis are gone, subcutaneous fat may be visible in crater; may be drainage from wound

62
Q

During S3PI, ____________ & _________ are gone, ____________ ___ may be visible in crater; wound may _______.

A

Epidermis, Dermis, subcutaneous fat, drain

63
Q

Stage 4 Pressure Injury

A

damaged tissue’s crater extends through tissues to muscle &/or bone

64
Q

During S4PI, damaged tissue’s crater extends through tissues to _________ &/or _____.

A

muscle, bone

65
Q

U/UPIs need to be ______ (________ dead tissue) to determine Stage.

A

cleaned, remove

66
Q

Unstageable/Unclassified Pressure Injury

A

Epidermis, Dermis, & Subcutaneous tissue loss; depth is covered by Slough or Eschar

67
Q

Eschar

A

tough, dry, leathery, dark-colored dead tissue

68
Q

Tough, dry, leathery, dark-colored dead tissue is called ______.

A

Eschar

69
Q

Slough

A

soft, moist, light-colored dead tissue

70
Q

Soft, moist, light-colored dead tissue is called _______.

A

Slough

71
Q

P/R who must stay in bed must be repositioned every _ ______ (at least).

A

2 hours

72
Q

P/R who’s sitting in wheel/chair should be repositioned every _____.

A

hour

73
Q

After repositioning a P/R, move check for ____ or ___________ areas on body side that had been bearing P/R’s weight.

A

pale, reddened

74
Q

Apply light dusting of a powder containing ____ starch to keep skin dry.

A

corn

75
Q

To help prevent shearing caused by P/R sliding down in bed, elevate bed’s head not >__ degrees.

A

30

76
Q

Air-Fluidized Bed

A

supports person on fabric-covered layer of tiny ceramic beads

77
Q

An ___-________ Bed supports person on fabric-covered layer of tiny ceramic beads.

A

Air-Fluidized

78
Q

In an Air-Fluidized Bed, ___ __________ move beads constantly.

A

air currents

79
Q

In an Air-Fluidized Bed, moving beads create fluid-like effect (like waterbed but without water) that helps prevent Pressure Injuries by relieving pressure on ___ Prominences.

A

Bony

80
Q

Alternating Pressure Bed

A

supports person on series of compartments that fill with air & deflate on rotating basis

81
Q

An ____________ _____________ Bed supports person on series of compartments that fill with air & deflate on rotating basis.

A

Alternating Pressure

82
Q

XPRT Pulmonary Therapy Surface

A

offers rotational, percussion, & vibration therapies

83
Q

Intentional Wound

A

planned surgical or medical intervention result

84
Q

A planned surgical or medical intervention result is called an _______________ Wound.

A

Intentional

85
Q

Unintentional Wound

A

unexpected injury that usually results from some type of trauma

86
Q

An unexpected injury that usually results from some type of trauma is called an ______________ Wound.

A

Intentional

87
Q

An Unintentional Wound that’s Open means . . .

A

. . . skin surface is broken.

88
Q

An Unintentional Wound that’s Closed means . . .

A

. . . skin isn’t broken, but there’s damage to underlying tissues.

89
Q

1st-Intention Wound Healing/Primary Wound Closure)

A

open wounds are closed surgically with sutures or staples

90
Q

___-Intention Wound Healing = open wounds are closed surgically with sutures or staples

A

1st

91
Q

2nd-Intention Wound Healing

A

wound cleaned/rinsed & left open to heal from inside out

92
Q

___-Intention Wound Healing = wound cleaned/rinsed & left open to heal from inside out.

A

2nd

93
Q

If wound’s edges can’t be easily brought together or there’s evidence of contamination or infection, ___-Intention Wound Healing is used.

wound may be cleaned/rinsed and left open to heal from the inside out

A

2nd

94
Q

3rd-Intention Wound Healing

A

leaving wound open to ensure no infection, then cleaning & closing edges with staples/sutures to speed healing

95
Q

___-Intention Wound Healing = leaving wound open to ensure no infection, then cleaning & closing edges with staples/sutures to speed healing.

A

3rd

96
Q

When P/R has a wound drain, check for . . . (3)

A

amount
smell
appearance

97
Q

Because there’s no need to ______ adhesive tape to change dressing, Montgomery Ties help protect person’s skin from damage caused by frequent removal/reapplication of tape.

A

remove

98
Q

Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy

A
  • wound covered with foam/tube dressing
  • foam, tubing, margin of healthy skin covered with transparent adhesive film (forming seal)
  • tubing’s end connects to vacuum
  • pump turned on (creates suction)
  • suction (1) removes wound drainage from surface, (2) stimulates blood flow to wound, (3) stimulates new tissue growth
99
Q

_ degrees of burns exist (in this textbook).

A

6

100
Q

1st Degree Burns are also called ____________ Burns.

A

Superficial

101
Q

1st Degree/Superficial Burns injury ____________, skin’s outermost layer.

A

Epidermis

102
Q

2nd Degree Burns are also called ____________ Partial-Thickness Burns.

A

Superficial

103
Q

2nd Degree/Superficial Partial-Thickness Burns penetrate into _______ upper part.

A

Dermis’s

104
Q

Blister are often associated with ____ Degree Burns.

A

2nd

105
Q

3rd Degree Burns are also called ______ Partial-Thickness Burns.

A

Deep

106
Q

_____ Degree/____________ Partial Thickness Burns affect deeper Dermis; dry, pale in color, less painful than ___ Degree/_________ Partial-Thickness Burns (because pain receptors have been destroyed).

A

3rd, Deep, 2nd, Superficial

107
Q

___-___ Degree/___-Thickness Burns involve Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous Layer, & often muscles & bones.

A

4th-6th, Full

108
Q

People with 4th-6th Degree/Full-Thickness Burns need _______ & _____ _______ to heal.

A

surgery, skin grafts

109
Q

Eczema

A

chronic Dermatitis; accompanied by severe itching, scaling, & crusting of skin’s surface

110
Q

Macule

A

small, flat, reddened Lesion

111
Q

A small, flat, reddened Lesion is called a _________.

A

Macule

112
Q

Papule

A

small, raised, firm Lesion

113
Q

A small, raised, firm Lesion is called a ________.

A

Papule

114
Q

Vesicle

A

small, blister-like lesion that contains watery, clear fluid

115
Q

A small, blister-like lesion that contains watery, clear fluid is called a ____________.

A

Vesicle

116
Q

Pustule

A

Vesicle that contains Pus

117
Q

A Vesicle that contains Pus is called a _________.

A

Pustule

118
Q

Pus

A

thick, yellowish fluid that’s a sign of infection

119
Q

Thick, yellowish fluid that’s a sign of infection is called ___.

A

Pus

120
Q

Excoriation

A

abrasion; scraping away skin’s surface

121
Q

Scraping away skin’s surface leaves an ___________.

A

Exocoriation

122
Q

Fissure

A

crack in skin

123
Q

A crack in skin is called a _________.

A

Fissure

124
Q

Ulcer

A

shallow crater formed when tissue dies

125
Q

An ________ is a shallow crater formed when tissue dies.

A

Ulcer

NUR 110/111 (46 decks)

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