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Science 7 > Interactions and Ecosystems > Flashcards

Interactions and Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is biomass?

A

Biomass is the total of all the organisms in the ecosystem

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2
Q

What are consumers?

A

Organisms that consume the food made from producers

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3
Q

Are abiotic things living or non-living?

A

Non-living

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4
Q

What is diversity and why is it important?

A

Diversity refers to the variety of life on Earth. This is important because if one dies we have another and the organisms fill many roles

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5
Q

How can we reduce our ecological footprint?

A

1: Be aware of the products you consume in a typical day
2: Reduce the amount of energy you use
3: Reduce the number of products you buy
4: Reduce the amount of garbage you produce

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6
Q

What is ecology?

A

The study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment

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7
Q

What is the difference between a decomposer and a scavenger?

A

Scavengers have mouths while decomposers do not

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8
Q

What are natural resources?

A

Materials and products found in nature

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9
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The process in which water that is taken in through a plant’s roots evaporates from the plant’s leaves

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10
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

When 2 species live closely together in a relationship that lasts over time

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11
Q

What are needs?

A

A need is something that is basic to your survival

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12
Q

What are examples of gradual disturbances?

A

Chemical weathering, wind erosion, and water erosion

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13
Q

What is a host?

A

An animal or plant on or in which a parasite lives

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14
Q

What are pollutants and what are two examples?

A

Pollutants are substances that cause pollution. Examples: Acid rain and carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What does adapting/adapted mean?

A

To change

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16
Q

What are producers?

A

Organisms that make food for themselves and others

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17
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth’s surface

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18
Q

What are omnivores?

A

Organisms that eat both plants and meat

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19
Q

What are the 2 types of succession?

A

Primary and secondary succession

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20
Q

What is condensation?

A

The process in which water vapour turns to liquid

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21
Q

Which level of the pyramid of numbers is the biggest?

A

The bottom/the producers because there are always more animals being eaten than are eating

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22
Q

What are prey?

A

An animal that is hunted and killed by another animal for food

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23
Q

What is a habitat?

A

The natural home or environment of an organism, providing the resources and conditions it needs to survive and reproduce

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24
Q

What is a food chain?

A

A model that shows how energy stored in foods passes from organism to organism

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25
What is a food web?
A food web is a combination of many different food chains
26
What are ecosystems?
The interactions between living and non-living things in a particular environment
27
What is ground water?
Water in the soil
28
What is the carbon cycle?
How carbon is recycled in the environment
29
What is ecological footprint?
It is the impact of a person or community on the environment
30
What is sustainability?
It is when resources are being renewed at least as quickly as they are being used
31
What is energy flow?
Energy flow is the movement of energy
32
What are examples of sudden disturbances?
Tornadoes, landslides, hurricanes, and flash floods
33
What is secondary succession?
The gradual growth of organisms in an area after a disturbance such as a fire
34
What are examples of inherited adaptations?
Migration, hibernation, and defensive behaviours. There are also beaks, feet, teeth, and wings
35
What is run-off?
Water that runs off the ground into lakes, rivers or streams
36
What causes acid rain?
When sulfur and nitrogen at higher than normal levels in the air mix with water to produce acidic precipitation
37
What are decomposers?
Organisms that break down dead or waste matter and recycle the nutrients back into the environment
38
What are wants?
A want is something that makes survival more comfortable and enjoyable
39
What is an ecologist?
A person that studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment
40
What are the 4 basic needs of living things?
Food, water, shelter, and air
41
What is a predator?
An animal that naturally preys on others
42
What are parasites?
An organism that lives in, on, or with another organism. (A host)
43
What is precipitation?
The process in which liquid water forms from condensation occurring inside clouds, and then falls as rain, sleet, snow and hail
44
What is evaporation?
The process in which a liquid changes into water vapour
45
Are biotic things living or non-living?
Living
46
What is bioaccumalation?
The process in which a substance builds up in a living organism
47
What are herbivores?
Organisms that have adapted to eating mainly plants
48
How has food gathering changed over time? How has this change impacted the environment?
Today, resources are transported throughout the world, especially as the demand gets higher. Transporting food from all around the world means that we have to clear land and cause pollutants to enter the air and water
49
What are examples of commensalism?
Bird nests in trees Sharks and remora fish Cattle egrets and cows
50
What is a pyramid of numbers?
A model representing the number of organisms consumed at each level of the pyramid
51
What is commensalism?
A relationship between two organisms where one partner benefits while the other neither benefits nor are they harmed
52
What are carnivores?
Organisms that primarily consume meat
53
What are examples of parasitism?
Mosquitoes and humans Fleas and dogs Cockatoos ruining nests
54
What are scavengers?
Organisms that feed on dead or decaying plant or animal matter
55
What is an adaptation?
A characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
56
What is biomagnification?
The increased concentration of something that is received when you move up the food chain.
57
What are examples of mutualism?
Bees and flowers Sea anemone and clownfish Oxen and oxpeckers
58
What is mutualism?
A relationship between two organisms where both partners benefit
59
Organisms fill many roles in their lives. What are these roles known as?
Each of these roles is known as a niche
60
How have humans impacted the environment with our everyday lives?
The impact that people have on the use of resources can be very small, or it can be huge, and they can lead to positive or negative consequences
61
When does pollution occur?
When a substance is added to the environment at such a fast rate that it cannot be broken down
62
What primary succession?
The gradual growth of organisms in an area that was previously bare like a rocky slope
63
Where does the energy in food chains and food webs come from?
The sun
64
What is parasitism?
A relationship between two organisms where one partner benefits while the other is harmed
65
What are examples of learned adaptations?
How to find food, how to get along in a group, and how to look out for predators
66
What is physical monitoring?
Using satellites to track the changes in the landscape over time
67
What is environmental monitoring?
Tracking the changes in climate, temperature, and weather patterns
68
What is biological monitoring?
Tracking the changes in organisms or populations of organisms
69
What is chemical monitoring?
Assessing the quality of the air, soil, and water

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