Interceptive Ortho I Flashcards by Roisin Mousa

What are interceptive orthodontics

any procedure that will reduce or eliminate the severity of a developing malocclusion

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What is the mouth like at birth

gum pads
the upper gum pads are rounded while the lower is U shaped
they often appear very class II
sometimes have anterior open bite

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What is the eruption of deciduous teeth

6 months - 2.5 hours

ABDCE

lowers before uppers

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What is the deciduous dentition like

incisors more upright
spaced
more susceptible to wear

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What is the impact of deciduous dentition spacing on crowding

if there is no spacing = 2/3 develop crowding

<3mm = 50% crowding

3-6mm = 20% crowding

> 6mm = no crowding

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What teeth are early mixed dentition

6s, 1s, 2s

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Which teeth are late mixed dentition

4s, 3s, 5s, 7s

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How can lower labial segment crowding spontaneously improve

up to 3.5mm of crowding may spontaneously improve

transverse growth increasing inter canine width

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Why do diasetemas in 6 YO improve

due to the canine

if its <2.5mm the diastema should lose

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What could be the cause of an unerupted central incisor

supernumeraries
trauma/dilaceration
other pathology

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How do we deal with supernumerary if they are delaying eruption

remove deciduous and supernumerary
expose/bond
create space
monitor

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What can trauma to permanent deciduous predecessor result in

can result in dilaceration

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What is the aetiology of median diastema

normal (small teeth)
supernumerary
missing teeth

radiograph

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What is the leeway space

difference between EDC and 345

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What is the normal lee way space

5mm in maxilla

2. 5mm in mandible

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When measuring spaced required for premolars and canines what do we measure

measure from medial of 6 to distal of 2

want more than 18.5mm for there to be room for permanent successor

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What is balancing

take out on contralateral side

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How does the effect of balancing and compensating vary with

crowding
age
arch

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What is compensating

take out from opposite arch

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What is the management for early loss of As and Bs

little impact

don’t balance or compensate

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What is management for early loss of C’s

balance
midline will shift
worse if severely crowded

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What is the management of early loss of D’s

small CL shift

balance under GA

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What is the management of early loss of the Es

not to balance
major space loss
upper > lower

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When should the first assessment of premolars be

Study These Flashcards

9 years

What are general rules for extraction of 6s

if extracting lower take upper don't balance with sound tooth if extracting upper don't necessarily take lower

When extracting first molars what do you want ideally

``` 7s furcation forming 8s present class 1 av/reduced OB moderate lower crowding mild moderate upper crowding ```

What is the appliance for a posterior unilateral cross bite

``` active component - midline screw adams clasps on 4s and 6s has posterior bite planes overcorrect can take 6-9 months to correct ```

When do we treat anterior cross bite

early | treat early when laterals come through with URAs

What is the stability of anterior cross bite

if you have a good overbite for ACB then don't need a retainer even if patient grows

What is the stability of posterior cross bite

50% relapse | overcorrect to maintain corrected even after relapse

What are malocclusions that come from habits

proclined upper incisors retroclined lower incisors asymmetric AOB or reduced OB unilateral posterior x bite

When do you want the patient to give up their habit

<10 years as can resolve

What do we do for retained deciduous teeth

take out relatively soon as there is capacity for adult teeth to drift

What are infra occluded deciduous teeth called

``` submerging teeth due to ankylosis happens more often in lower doesn't always have sucessor happens in 10% ```

How can we diagnose infra occluded deciduous teeth

visual percussion - tap it radiographs

What is the management for submerging teeth

if has a permanent successor then observe for one year | if no successor then extract it

When should you extract the submerging tooth

when only 1mm of crown showing

Where do the upper canines develop

``` palatally below the orbit long migration migrate and lie labial and distal to root apex of upper laterals 90% palpable by 11 yrs if can't feel ti then radiograph ```

How do we assess canines for delayed eruption / ectopic position

assess position of upper canines from 10 yrs onwards should palpate by 11 years mobile C's, symmetry

What is ideal radiographs for localisation of ectopic canines

anterior maxillary occlusal | OPT

If you detect an ectopic canine then what can you do

extract the Cs success depends on how high the canine is and how much of the adjacent incisor it overlaps if doesn't overlap by over a half then over 90% chance if more than half then 60% if lots of space then higher success rate, can get rapid maxillary expansion and high pull head gear

What is the cause of reverse overjet

dental/skeletal/combination

What is the incisor angulations that we need to treat a reverse overjet using camouflage treatment

Upper has to be less than 120 and lowers less than 80 degrees

What are the functional appliances for class II

``` functional regulator (FR) frankel III ```

What is the difference between FR2 and FR3

FR3 is an FR2 but upside down

What is the function of FR3

tries to change soft tissue environment to make sure teeth can move in desired direction

What are the components of the functional appliances of FR2 and 3

buccal shields pelots tight lower labial bow spring to proline ULS

What is the function of the buccal shields

tries to hold the cheeks and buccinator away from teeth to allow them to expand naturally

What is the function of the pelots

at the front | hold lips away from teeth to allow them to tip forward

What is the function of the labial bow

tip teeth back

What is the success rate of the functional appliances for class III

<30%

What is maxillary protection

pull maxilla forward

What does maxillary protraction consist of

reverse pull headgear with facemask | can be with rapid maxillary expansion

What is the success rate of maxillary protraction

70% success rate

What is the newer technique for maxillary protraction

strong class III elastic traction worn FT applied to bone screws or plates fixed to maxilla and mandible applied to bone screws or plates fixed to maxilla and mandible 90% success rate

What is the cause of increased OJ

dental skeletal combo

What is the issue of an increased OJ

risk of trauma | incompetent lips

What is the interceptive tx for class II

functional appliance | head gear to restrict maxillary forward growth

How does the functional appliance for class II work

harness the forces generated by big muscles that sit around the jaw to promote mandibular growth and restrict maxillary growth and top teeth back

Interceptive Ortho I Flashcards

(59 cards)