Intercultural Communication

Question 1

Intercultural communication takes place when…

1) ..the sender and the receiver are from different cultures.
2) …the sender and the receiver are from the same cultures.
3) …the sender and the receiver are from the same generations.
4) …the sender and the receiver are from different generations

Answer 1

…the sender and the receiver are from different cultures.

Question 2

Communication can be…

1) …an action on others.
2) …an interaction with others.
3) … a reaction to others.
4) …an action on others and/or an interaction with others and/or a reaction to others.

Answer 2

…an action on others and/or an interaction with others and/or a reaction to others.

Question 3

What does the narrow communication concept mean?

1) Communication between living organisms.
2) Communication between technical systems and/or machines and humans.
3) Communication between humans, based on common goals.
4) Communication between humans.

Answer 3

Communication between humans, based on common goals.

Question 4

What generates the intercultural?

1) The cultural overlap.
2) The encounter of people belonging to different cultures.
3) The cultural understanding.
4) The encounter of people belonging to different nations.

Answer 4

The cultural overlap.

Question 5

What requirements are important to deal successfully in the situation of cultural overlap?

1) Requirements of own culture orientation.
2) Requirements of other culture orientation.
3) Requirements of intercultural orientation.
4) Requirements of own culture orientation, requirements of other culture orientation and requirements of intercultural orientation.

Answer 5

Requirements of own culture orientation, requirements of other culture orientation and requirements of intercultural orientation.

Question 6

Who defined the term “intercultural communication”?

1) Robert Gibson
2) Geert Hofsteede
3) Edward T. Hall
4) William B. Gudykunst

Answer 6

Edward T. Hall

Question 7

a) Intercultural communication is important, because, b) globalization takes place, while the world population is growing and humans migrate around the world.

1) a) counts because
b) counts.

2)a) counts and b) counts.

3) a) counts,
b) does not count.

4) a) does not count,
b) counts.

Answer 7

a) counts and b) counts.

Question 8

Which are the four different groups of communication models?

1) Encoder-/ decoder Models, Intentionalist Models, Perspective Taking Models, Dialogic Models
2) Encoder-/ decoder Models, Intentionalist Models, Perspective Taking Models, Technical Models
3) Dialogic Models, Intentionalist Models, Perspective Taking Models, Technical Models
4) Encoder-/ decoder Models, Intentionalist Models, Dialogical Models, Technical Models

Answer 8

Encoder-/ decoder Models, Intentionalist Models, Perspective Taking Models, Dialogic Models

Question 9

Which model is an example for encoder-/ decoder models?

1) Technical communication model by Shannon and Weaver
2) Communication model by Grice
3) Rodger`s Rules for communication
4) Axioms of Communication

Answer 9

Technical communication model by Shannon and Weaver

Question 10

During the process of the Technical Communication Model by Shannon and Weaver the message is formed into signals. The signals should be adapted to the channel leading to the receiver. The a) signal is vulnerable because b) it is disturbed by noise.

1. a) counts because b) counts.
2. a) counts and b) counts.
3. a) counts, b) does not count.
4. a) does not count, b) counts.

Answer 10

a) counts because b) counts.

Question 11

Please read the following characteristics of the different types of models. Assign the characteristics to the model type correctly.

The Technical Communication Model by Shannon and Weaver

1) Communication is described as a linear, one way process.
2) High degree of practicality.
3) Communication is a cooperative endeavour.
4) A Comprehensive, socio-psychological-oriented model of human communication, that focuses on behavioural effects.

Answer 11

Communication is described as a linear, one way process.

Question 12

Please read the following characteristics of the different types of models. Assign the characteristics to the model type correctly.

Axioms of Communication

1) Communication is described as a linear, one way process.
2) High degree of practicality.
3) Communication is a cooperative endeavour.
4) A Comprehensive, socio-psychological-oriented model of human communication, that focuses on behavioural effects.

Answer 12

A Comprehensive, socio-psychological-oriented model of human communication, that focuses on behavioural effects.

Question 13

Please read the following characteristics of the different types of models. Assign the characteristics to the model type correctly.

The Communication Model by Schultz von Thun

1) Communication is described as a linear, one way process.
2) High degree of practicality.
3) Communication is a cooperative endeavour.
4) A Comprehensive, socio-psychological-oriented model of human communication, that focuses on behavioural effects.

Answer 13

High degree of practicality.

Question 14

Please read the following characteristics of the different types of models. Assign the characteristics to the model type correctly.

Grice`s Conversational Maxims

1) Communication is described as a linear, one way process.
2) High degree of practicality.
3) Communication is a cooperative endeavour.
4) A Comprehensive, socio-psychological-oriented model of human communication, that focuses on behavioural effects.

Answer 14

Communication is a cooperative endeavour.

Question 15

Which model deals not with the meaning of a message but with its sending and its receiving?

1) The Technical Communication Model by Shannon and Weaver
2) The Communication Model by Grice
3) Rodger`s Rules for Communication
4) Axioms of Communication

Answer 15

The Technical Communication Model by Shannon and Weaver

Question 16

Which model is an example for intentionalist models?

1) The Communication Model by Schultz von Thun
2) The Communication Model by Grice
3) Rodger`s Rules for Communication
4) Axioms of Communication

Answer 16

The Communication Model by Grice

Question 17

Which model is an example for perspective-taking models?

1) The Communication Model by Schultz von Thun
2) The Communication Model by Grice
3) Rodger`s Rules for Communication
4) Axioms of Communication

Answer 17

Rodger`s Rules for Communication

Question 18

Which model is an example for dialogic models?

1) The Communication Model by Schultz von Thun
2) The Communication Model by Grice
3) Rodger`s Rules for Communication
4) Axioms of Communication

Answer 18

Axioms of Communication

Question 19

Which of the following possibilities cannot help to solve the misunderstanding on the relational and self-revelation level from the point of view of the Communication Model by Schultz von Thun?

1) Both communication partners have to communicate how a message is to be interpreted in order to agree on its underlying meaning.
2) The communication process has to be repeated.
3) Standardization of the communication processes.
4) Issue of the individuality of communication processes.

Answer 19

The communication process has to be repeated.

Question 20

According to Schultz von Thun, every message contains four different components: Content, Relationship, Appeal and …

1) Self-aggrandizement.
2) …Self-mockery.
3) …Self-revelation.
4) …Self-esteem.

Answer 20

…Self-revelation.

Question 21

Grice has argued that intentionality is intrinsic to the understanding of how messages function communicatively. According to Grice, a message can be considered intentional if and only if a)the speaker intended the message to create an effect (i.e., a belief) in the listener; because b)the speaker intended that effect to result from the listener`s recognition of that intention.

1. a) counts because b) counts.
2. a) counts and b) counts.
3. a) counts, b) does not count.
4. a) does not count, b) counts.

Answer 21

a) counts and b) counts.

Question 22

What are the Conversational Maxims?

1) Maxims of quality, Maxims of quantity, Maxims of relation, Maxims of manner
2) Maxims of quality, Maxims of quantity, Maxims of relation, Maxims of reality
3) Maxims of quality, Maxims of quantity, Maxims of reality, Maxims of manner
4) Maxims of quality, Maxims of reality, Maxims of relation, Maxims of manner

Answer 22

Maxims of quality, Maxims of quantity, Maxims of relation, Maxims of manner

Question 23

Which of the following statements is not considered as an advantage of the Axioms of Communication, according to Watzlawick et al.?

1) The Axioms of Communication is a circular communication process
2) Not a complete communication model
3) Feedback effects can influence the communication

Answer 23

Not a complete communication model

Question 24

The Axioms of Communication, according to Watzlawick, comprise 5 Axioms:
Axiom #1: One cannot not communicate.
Axiom #2: Every communication has a content and relationship aspect. Axiom #3:The relationship of the communication partners is established by the use of punctuation during encounters. Axiom #4: Human communication makes use of digital and analog modes of communication and Axiom #5:…
Please complete the 5th Axiom.

1) . Communication is based on relationships.
2) .Communication is based on symmetrical relationships.
3) .Communication is based on complementary relationships.
4) .Communication is based on symmetrical and complementary relationships.

Answer 24

Communication is based on symmetrical and complementary relationships.

Question 25

What distinguishes Dialogic Models from the other models (the Encoder-/Decoder Model, the Intentionalist Model, the Perspective-taking Model)? 1) .Nothing distinguishes Dialogic Models from the other models. They all have the goal of communication to convey information. 2) .For Dialogic Models the goal of communication is the achievement of inter-subjectivity. 3) .For Dialogic Models the goal of communication is the achievement of objectivity.

Answer 25

For Dialogic Models the goal of communication is the achievement of inter-subjectivity.

Question 26

Which of the following perceptual processes fits for the Western Culture? 1) . Attention is broader 2) .Holistic pattern 3) .Noun-orientated

Answer 26

Noun-orientated

Question 27

Which of the following perceptual processes fits for the Eastern Culture? 1) .Attention is narrow 2) .Holistic pattern 3) .Noun-orientated

Answer 27

Holistic pattern

Question 28

"The other-culture values and norms are willingly accepted and integrated into the own modus operandi. Tendencies to adapt to the other-culture values and norms can be so intense that the identification with one’s own culture pales as the wish to merge with the other culture intensifies." This form of designating intercultural divergence describes the ... 1) .Dominance aspect 2) .Assimilation concept 3) .Divergency concept 4) .Synthesis concept

Answer 28

Assimilation concept

Question 29

Stereotyping can be described as…. 1) ... a prediction of the properties of particular individuals. 2) … a statistical statement about a group. 3) … an evaluation depending strongly on culturally determined standards. 4) … a fixed notion about persons in a certain category, with no distinctions made among individuals.

Answer 29

… a fixed notion about persons in a certain category, with no distinctions made among individuals.

Question 30

What is the problem in the following example? A Japanese businessman is negotiating with a Norwegian partner. The Japanese says that the deal will be very difficult. The Norwegian asks how her company can help to solve the problems. The Japanese is puzzled by the question. 1) .Attitude 2) .Perception 3) .Stereotyping 4) .Misinterpretation

Answer 30

Misinterpretation

Question 31

Please read the following statements: "Globalisation means that there is now one business culture everywhere in the world. If they want to do business with me then they`ll have to adapt to my culture. When in Rome do as the Romans do." Please complete the sentence: These statements reflect some of the ....... which can create barriers to successful intercultural communication. 1) . perceptions 2) .interpretations 3) .attitudes 4) .stereotypes

Answer 31

attitudes

Question 32

Which of the following statements describes culture shock? 1) .It is a disease. 2) .It is a defence reaction against the influences of a foreign culture. 3) .It is a mental state, where suddenly all known values and behaviour patterns seem to have lost their validity for the individual in the foreign cultural environment. 4) .It is a phase of interpersonal stress and conflict.

Answer 32

It is a mental state, where suddenly all known values and behaviour patterns seem to have lost their validity for the individual in the foreign cultural environment.

Question 33

What stage of culture shock do you think the individual concerned is most likely to be in? Please answer for/ refer to the following statement: "We do that too, only in a different way.” 1) .Honeymoon 2) .Disorientation 3) .Shock 4) .Adaption 5) .Adjustment

Answer 33

Adaption

Question 34

Which of the following phases is the first phase of culture shock? 1) .Culture shock 2) .Adaption 3) .Honeymoon 4) .Adjustment

Answer 34

Honeymoon

Question 35

What stage of culture shock do you think the individual concerned is most likely to be in? Please answer this for the following statement: "We would never do that where I come from." 1) .Honeymoon 2) .Disorientation 3) .Shock 4) .Adaption 5) .Adjustment

Answer 35

Shock

Question 36

What stage of culture shock do you think the individual concerned is most likely to be in? Please answer this for the following statement: "I cannot wait to tell about this." 1) .Honeymoon 2) .Disorientation 3) .Shock 4) .Adaption 5) .Adjustment

Answer 36

Honeymoon

Question 37

What stage of culture shock do you think the individual concerned is most likely to be in? Please answer this for the following statement: "Why can`t they just wait?" 1) .Honeymoon 2) .Disorientation 3) .Shock 4) .Adaption 5) .Adjustment

Answer 37

Disorientation

Question 38

Communication is divided into areas. Please select these areas from the following: A: Verbal Communication B: Para-verbal communication C: non-verbal communication. 1) . A and B 2) .A and C 3) .none 4) .A and B and C

Answer 38

A and B and C

Question 39

Which one of the following groups is part of the non-verbal communication? 1) .Eye contact, proxemics, body language, touch 2) .Eye contact, proxemics, body language, intonation 3) .Eye contact, proxemics, intonation, touch 4) .Eye contact, intonation, body language, touch

Answer 39

Eye contact, proxemics, body language, touch

Question 40

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: High contact cultures are cultures that display considerable interpersonal closeness or immediacy, because people in these countries touch more, stand closer and prefer more sensory stimulation. B: Low-contact cultures are cultures where people prefer more sensory involvement. 1) .A 2) .B 3) .A and B 4) .none

Answer 40

A

Question 41

Please look at this picture. What does this gesture mean in Japan? 1).An OK 2) .Zero 3) .Money 4) .I`ll kill you!

Answer 41

Money

Question 42

In which of the following countries do you hug to indicate hello at the first meeting? 1) .Japan 2) .Germany 3) .India 4) .Argentina

Answer 42

Argentina

Question 43

In which of the following countries do you not shake hands? 1) .Japan 2) .Argentina 3) .India 4) .Italy

Answer 43

India

Question 44

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: People in individualistic cultures are more distant. B: People in collectivistic cultures have a more fixed social network. 1) .A 2) .B 3) .A and B 4) .none

Answer 44

A and B

Question 45

Please read the following statement. What does it represent? “Power is seen as a basic fact in society and stress coercive or referent power. Control and influence is concentrated in the hands of a few.” 1) .Low power distance cultures. 2) .High power distance cultures. 3) .Moderate power distance cultures. 4) .None

Answer 45

High power distance cultures.

Question 46

Please read the following statement. What does it represent? “Power should be used only when it is legitimate, control and influence is equally distributed.” 1). Low power distance cultures. 2) .High power distance cultures. 3) .Moderate power distance cultures. 4) .none

Answer 46

Low power distance cultures.

Question 47

Please read the following example. "The German marketing manager of a major car producer was finding it increasingly difficult to work in Japan. In meetings the Japanese colleagues hardly ever said anything. When they were asked if they agreed to his suggestions, they always said yes, but they did not do anything to follow up the ideas. The only time they opened up was in a bar in the evening but that was getting stressful as they seemed to expect him to go out with them regularly." Which part of Non-verbal Communication does this illustrate? 1) .Power distance 2) .Immediacy 3) .Individualism - Collectivism 4).Context

Answer 47

Context

Question 48

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: Low context communication relies mainly on the physical context or the relationship for information with little explicitly encoded. B: In high context communication, the mass of information is vested in the explicit code. 1).A 2).B 3).A and B 4).none

Answer 48

none

Question 49

Please read the following example: “After taking over a British investment bank, German bankers in the corporate finance department were surprised to find out, both that their British partners were earning considerably more than them and that the team was frequently changing, with senior staff being recruited by rival banks. Most of the German team had been in the Bank since the beginning of their careers and would not consider a change to a rival bank, even if they were offered more money.” Which part of Non-verbal Communication does this illustrate? 1) .Power distance 2) .Immediacy 3) .Uncertainty Avoidance 4) .Context

Answer 49

Uncertainty Avoidance

Question 50

Which group of features represents weak uncertainty avoidance cultures? 1) .Uncertainty is a normal feature of life, tolerance of innovative ideas and there should not be more rules than necessary. 2) .Uncertainty is a normal feature of life, motivation by security and there should not be more rules than necessary. 3) .Motivation by security, tolerance of innovative ideas and there should not be more rules than necessary. 4) .Uncertainty is a normal feature of life, tolerance of innovative ideas and motivation by security.

Answer 50

Uncertainty is a normal feature of life, tolerance of innovative ideas and there should not be more rules than necessary.

Question 51

Which one of the following countries is an example for a strong uncertainty avoidance culture? 1) .Singapore 2) .Denmark 3) .Great Britain 4) .Japan

Answer 51

Japan

Question 52

Which group of features represents feminine cultures? 1) .Relationships are important, both men and women deal with facts and feelings and conflicts are solved by compromise. 2) .Relationships are important, both men and women deal with facts and feelings and material success is a dominant value. 3) .Relationships are important, material success is a dominant value and conflicts are solved by compromise. 4) .Material success is a dominant value, both men, women deal with facts and feelings, and conflicts are solved by compromise.

Answer 52

Relationships are important, both men and women deal with facts and feelings and conflicts are solved by compromise.

Question 53

For the oral communication, there are three common rules for all languages. These rules are… 1) … informative, phonetic and grammatical. 2) … phonetic, grammatical and semantic. 3) … phonetic, grammatical and informative. 4) … phonetic, informative and semantic.

Answer 53

… phonetic, grammatical and semantic.

Question 54

Please complete the following sentence: ”... is a simple variation in pronunciation that occur when people are speaking the same language.” 1).Accent… 2) .Dialect… 3) .Slang… 4) .Argot…

Answer 54

Accent…

Question 55

Please complete the following sentence: “... is distinguished by differences in vocabulary, grammar, and even punctuation.” 1) .Accent… 2) .Dialect… 3) .Slang… 4) .Argot…

Answer 55

Dialect…

Question 56

Please complete the following sentence: “… is a private vocabulary peculiar to a co-culture or group.” 1) .Accent… 2) .Dialect… 3) .Slang… 4) .Argot…

Answer 56

Argot…

Question 57

Please complete the following sentence: “… designates those terms, used in instances of extreme informality, which serve as a “means of marking social or linguistic identity.” 1) .Accent… 2) .Dialect… 3) .Slang… 4) .Argot…

Answer 57

Slang…

Question 58

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: Linguistic universalism assumes that the structure of a language affects its speakers' worldview or cognition. B: Linguistic universalism assumes that language is merely a reflection of human thought, and so all languages are significantly similar in their conceptual categories. 1) .A 2) .B 3) .A and B 4) .none

Answer 58

B

Question 59

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: Linguistic relativity assumes that the structure of a language affects its speakers' worldview or cognition. B: Functional relativism assumes that the particular form taken by the grammatical system of language is closely related to the social and personal needs that language is required to serve. 1) .A 2) .B 3) .A and B 4) .none

Answer 59

A and B

Question 60

Please select from the following qualities, the quality which best describes the Arabic Speech Act. 1) .Meanings are relatively well elaborated. 2) .Over-assertiveness and over-expressiveness. 3) .Under-assertiveness and under-expressiveness. 4) .Indirectness is built on grammatical structures, the subjunctive and conditional moods.

Answer 60

Over-assertiveness and over-expressiveness.

Question 61

Please select from the following qualities, the quality which best describes the Asian Speech Act. 1) .Meanings are relatively well elaborated. 2) .Over-assertiveness and over-expressiveness. 3) .Under-assertiveness and under-expressiveness. 4) .Indirectness is built on grammatical structures, the subjunctive and conditional moods.

Answer 61

Under-assertiveness and under-expressiveness.

Question 62

Please select from the following qualities, the quality which best describes the Western Speech Act. 1) .Meanings are relatively well elaborated. 2) .Over-assertiveness and over-expressiveness. 3) .Under-assertiveness and under-expressiveness. 4) .Suppression of confrontations or expressions of negative verbal messages.

Answer 62

Meanings are relatively well elaborated.

Question 63

Please read the following characteristics and assign them to the right communication styles. Purposeful communication style 1) direct, straightforward, quick decisions, large gestures, animated facial expressions, strong language 2) approachable, show empathy, promote harmony, use intuition, listen more than talk 3) talk about ideas rather than feelings, rational arguments, low body language, talk less think more 4) stay on track, logical order of discussion, practical and realistic communication, no waste of time, controlling

Answer 63

4) stay on track, logical order of discussion, practical and realistic communication, no waste of time, controlling

Question 64

Please read the following characteristics and assign them to the right communication styles. Theorist communication style 1) direct, straightforward, quick decisions, large gestures, animated facial expressions, strong language 2) approachable, show empathy, promote harmony, use intuition, listen more than talk 3) talk about ideas rather than feelings, rational arguments, low body language, talk less think more 4) stay on track, logical order of discussion, practical and realistic communication, no waste of time, controlling

Answer 64

talk about ideas rather than feelings, rational arguments, low body language, talk less think more

Question 65

Please read the following characteristics and assign them to the right communication styles. Connector communication style 1) direct, straightforward, quick decisions, large gestures, animated facial expressions, strong language 2) approachable, show empathy, promote harmony, use intuition, listen more than talk 3) talk about ideas rather than feelings, rational arguments, low body language, talk less think more 4) stay on track, logical order of discussion, practical and realistic communication, no waste of time, controlling

Answer 65

approachable, show empathy, promote harmony, use intuition, listen more than talk

Question 66

Please read the following characteristics and assign them to the right communication styles. Active communication style 1) direct, straightforward, quick decisions, large gestures, animated facial expressions, strong language 2) approachable, show empathy, promote harmony, use intuition, listen more than talk 3) talk about ideas rather than feelings, rational arguments, low body language, talk less think more 4) stay on track, logical order of discussion, practical and realistic communication, no waste of time, controlling

Answer 66

direct, straightforward, quick decisions, large gestures, animated facial expressions, strong language

Question 67

Read the following two statements. Which of them would you consider correct? A: Extroverts are motivated by their inner worlds. B: Introverts are energised by outer worlds. 1) .A 2) .B 3) .A and B 4) .none

Answer 67

none