Intermolecular Forces and Properties of Water Flashcards
(23 cards)
The percent of our body weight that is water
60%
Total body water (in liters)
40
Amount of intracellular fluid water (in liters)
25
Amount of extracellular fluid water (in liters)
15
Breakdown of extracellular fluid water of plasma and blood (in liters)
10; 5
Where is the majority of water in the body?
Inside the cell (intracellular fluid)
Why is water so important?
Influences almost every molecular activity in the body; excellent polar solvent
The bonds in a water molecule are what kind?
Covalent
What is a covalent bond?
Sharing of electrons
Bond Strength - Covalent
200-400 kJ/mol
In a polar covalent bond, what is formed?
Permanent diple
What is the cause of ion formation?
extreme differences in electronegativity
What is an electrostatic interaction/ionic bond?
oppositely charged ions attract each other, NO sharing
What is the advantage that ionic bonds have over covalent bonds?
Partners are interchangeable
Bond strength - Ionic
20-40 kJ/mol
What is a hydrogen bond?
A dipole-dipole interaction where the partial positive is always contributed by a hydrogen; NO sharing
Bond Strength - Hydrogen
16-60 kJ/mol
What makes water such a good solvent?
permanent dipole and hydrogen bonding; polar and charged molecules readily interact with it
What is amphipathicity?
having both polar and non polar parts
Give an example of amphipathic molecules
Fatty acids, detergents
Bond Strength - London Dispersion/Van der Waals
2-4 kJ/mol
Percent NaCl in intravenous saline
0.9%
Who was Norbert Hirschorn?
Man who created the oral rehydration therapy concoction, saved people from dehydration
