Internal Landmarks Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is the location of the aortic arch?
2.5 cm below jugular notch
This landmark is significant in understanding the anatomy of the thoracic region.
At what vertebral level does the aortic bifurcation occur?
L4-5
The aortic bifurcation is where the abdominal aorta divides into the common iliac arteries.
What is the location of the carina?
T4-T5, sternal angle
The carina is the ridge at the base of the trachea where it splits into the left and right main bronchi.
Where does the carotid bifurcation occur?
Upper border of thyroid cartilage
This is where the common carotid artery divides into the internal and external carotid arteries.
What landmark is located 4 cm above the transpyloric plane?
Celiac trunk
The celiac trunk supplies blood to the liver, stomach, and spleen.
What structure is located in the suprasellar cistern?
Circle of Willis
The Circle of Willis is a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and surrounding structures.
At which location can the common iliac vein bifurcation be found?
Upper margin of sacroiliac joint
The common iliac vein is formed by the internal and external iliac veins.
What is the vertebral level of the conus medullaris?
T12-L1, L2
The conus medullaris is the tapered end of the spinal cord.
Where is the heart apex located?
5th intercostal space, left midclavicular line
This point is clinically relevant for auscultation of heart sounds.
What is the location of the heart base?
Level of 2nd and 3rd costal cartilages behind sternum
The heart base is the broad, upper part of the heart where great vessels emerge.
Where is the inferior mesenteric artery located?
4 cm above bifurcation of abdominal aorta
This artery supplies blood to the distal colon.
At what vertebral level is the inferior vena cava?
L5
The inferior vena cava is the large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.
What is the location of the portal vein?
Posterior to pancreatic neck
The portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins.
Where are the renal arteries located?
Anterior to L1, inferior to superior mesenteric artery
Renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys.
What is the location of the superior mesenteric artery?
2 cm above transpyloric plane
This artery supplies blood to a large portion of the intestine.
Where is the thyroid gland located?
Thyroid cartilage
The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in metabolism and hormonal regulation.
What structures are located midway between the superior and inferior borders of the thyroid cartilage?
Vocal cords
The vocal cords are essential for phonation and sound production.
