internet protocol stack (3)

Question 1

what are the two main functions of the network layer

Answer 1

forwarding - moving packets from router’s input to its output

routing - determining the end to end path from source to destination

Question 2

what is the difference between the data plane and control plane

Answer 2

data plane - per-router logic for forwarding packets

control plane - network-wide logic for routing decisions

Question 3

what is an IP datagram

Answer 3

a packet in the network layer that includes a header and payload, used for data delivery across Ip network

Question 4

which protocol operate at the network layer

Answer 4

IP ( internet protocol )
ICMP ( internet control message protocol

Question 5

what is an ip address

Answer 5

a 32 bit identifier for a host or rounter interface, usually written in dotted decimal format

Question 6

what is the difference between a subnet and an interface

Answer 6

subnet- groups of interfaces that can communicate directly without a rounter

interfaces - connection point between host/router and a physical link

Question 7

what is DHCP and what is its purpose

Answer 7

dynamic host configuration protocol - automatically assigns ip addresses and network info to hosts

Question 8

list the four steps in the DHCP process

Answer 8

DHCP discover
DHCP offer
DHCP request
DHCP Ack

Question 9

what network layer information does DHCP provide

Answer 9

ip address
subnet mask
default gateway
DNS server ip

Question 10

what transport protocol does DHCP use

Answer 10

UDP because the host may not have an ip address yet for reliable TCP communication