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Master the boards: Pulmonology > Interstitial Lung Disease > Flashcards

Interstitial Lung Disease Flashcards

(29 cards)

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1
Q

What is Pulmonary Fibrosis?

A

thickening of the interstitial septum of the lung between the arteriolar space and alveolus interfering with gas exchange in both directions

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2
Q

What are commonly associated caused of Pulmonary Fibrosis?

A

Idiopathic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
Radiation
Bleomycin, Busulfan
Amiodarone, Methysergide
Nitrofurantoin, Methotrexate

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3
Q

How does pulmonary fibrosis present?

A

Dyspnea worse on exertion
Fine rales or crackles
Loud P2 heart sound
Clubbing of the fingers

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4
Q

What is Coal worker’s Pneumoconiosis associated with?

A

Coal

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5
Q

What is Silicosis associated with?

A

Sandblasting
Rock mining
Tunneling

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6
Q

What is Asbestosis associated with?

A

Shipyard workers
pipe fitting
insulators

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7
Q

What is Byssinosis associated with?

A

Cotton

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8
Q

What is Berylliosis associated with?

A

Electronic manufacturing

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9
Q

What is Bagassosis associated with?

A

Moldy sugar cane

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10
Q

What is the best initial test for Pulmonary Fibrosis?

A

CXR

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11
Q

What is the most accurate test for Pulmonary Fibrosis?

A

Lung Biopsy showing granulomas in Berylliosis

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12
Q

What is seen on PFTs in Pulmonary Fibrosis?

A

Restrictive pattern

DLCO decreased in proportion to severity of thickening

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13
Q

What are the treatment options for Interstitial lung diseases?

A

Prednisone for WBC or inflammatory infiltrate
Azathioprine long-term if response to steroids
Pirfenidoen: antifibrotic agent inhibits collagen synthesis
Nintedanib: TK-inhibitor blocks fibrogenic growth factors and inhibits fibroblasts

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14
Q

What is the Mechanism of Pirfenidone?

A

Antifibrotic: inhibits collagen synthesis

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15
Q

What is the Mechanism oF Nintedanib?

A

Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor: blocks fibrogenic growth factors and inhibits fibroblasts

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16
Q

What is Sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Idiopathic inflammatory disorder predominately of the lungs most commonly in African American Women

17
Q

How does Sarcoidosis commonly present?

Study These Flashcards
A

Young African American Women with SOB on exertion and occasional fine rales without wheezing

18
Q

What is seen on CXR for sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Hilar Lymphadenopathy

19
Q

What are other common symptoms of sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Erythema Nodosum
Parotid gland enlargement
Facial Palsy
Heart block and restrictive cardiomyopathy
CNS involvement
Uveitis and Iritis

20
Q

What is seen on CBC in Sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Polycythemia from chronic hypoxia

21
Q

What is the most accurate test for Sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Right heart or Swans-Ganz Catheter

22
Q

What are the treatment options for Sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Prostacyclin Analogues (PA vasodilators)

Endothelin Antagonist

PDE-I

cGMP stimulators

CCB

Oxygen to slow progression

Lung transplant

23
Q

What Prostcyclin analogues are commonly used in sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Epoprostenol
Treprostinil
Iloprost
Beraprost
Selexipag

24
Q

What Endothelin Anatagonists are commonly used for Sarcoidosis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Bosentan
Ambrisentan
Macitentan

25
What Phosphodiesterase Ihibitors (PDE-I) are commonly used in Sarcoidosis?
Sildenafil Tadalafil
26
What cGMP stimulator is commonly used in Sarcoidosis?
Riociguat
27
What is the most accurate test for BOOP/COP: Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia, Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia?
Lung biopsy
28
What is the treatment for BOOP/COP?
Glucocorticoids
29
How do BOOP/COP present?
patchy process with proliferation of granulation tissue in small airways and ducts causing cough, dyspnea, fever, malaise and weight loss

Master the boards: Pulmonology (12 decks)

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