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GI: Intestinal Failure > Intestinal failure > Flashcards

Intestinal failure Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

what is IF?

A

the gut is no longer able to supply the hydration and nutrition needs of the body

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2
Q

what is IF?

A

the gut is no longer able to supply the hydration and nutrition needs of the body

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3
Q

what can IF result from? 5

A

results from obstruction, dysmotility, surgical resection, congenital defect, or disease associated loss of absorption

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4
Q

what is type 1 intestinal failure ?

A

self-limiting short term postoperative or paralytic ileus

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5
Q

what is type 2 intestinal failure?

A

prolonged, associated with sepsis and metabolic complications.

often related to abdominal surgery with complications

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6
Q

what is type 3 intestinal failure?

A

long term but stable - home parenteral nutrition often indicated

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7
Q

give an example of a cause of acute IF

A

mucositis post chemotherapy

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8
Q

give an example of a cause of chronic IF

A

short gut syndrome

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9
Q

acute IF is associated with type …..?

A

1 and 2

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10
Q

chronic IF is associated with type …..?

A

3

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11
Q

in type 1 the patient is ___ or moderately ____

A

normal or moderately malnourished

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12
Q

what are the treatment steps in type 1 IF?5

A
  • Replace fluid and correct electrolytes
  • Parenteral Nutrition if unable to tolerate food/fluids > 7days post op
  • Acid Suppression
  • Octreotide
  • Alpha hydroxycholecalciferol
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13
Q

how is acid suppression mediated?

A

through the administration of proton pump inhibitors

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14
Q

what does ocreatide do?

A

stops vomiting - cuts down gut movement

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15
Q

what does alpha hydroxycholecalciferol do?

A

preserves Mg

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16
Q

who commonly gets type 2 IF? 3

A

septic patients

  • abdominal fistulae
  • perioperative patients
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17
Q

what is a common case of IF in the elderly ?

A

ischaemia

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18
Q

what may type 2 IF people need

A

parenteral nutrition

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19
Q

what type of needle is used to get parenteral access and what else is needed for access

A

vascuport needle and need ultrasound guidance

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20
Q

what are the complications of inserting the needle in parenteral nutrition? 3

A

pneumothorax / arterial puncture/misplacement

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21
Q

what are the complications of parenteral nutrition? 6

A 
Sepsis 
SVC thrombosis
Line fracture
Line Leakage
Line Migration
Metabolic bone disease
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22
Q

what kind of problems cause type 3 IF? 7

A
  • Short gut syndrome
  • Crohn’s disease
  • Neoplasia
  • Vascular
  • Mechanical - the downsyndrome boy
  • Radiation enteritis
  • Dysmotility
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23
Q

what are the treatment options for type 3 IF? 3

A

1- 1st line parenteral nutrition

  1. intestinal transplantation
  2. bowel lengthening
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24
Q

____ (_____) treatment for SBS

Study These Flashcards
A

GLP2 (teduglutide) treatment for SBS

25
what is the length of short bowel in SBS ?
26
what is the length of short bowel in SBS ?
27
what can IF result from? 5
results from obstruction, dysmotility, surgical resection, congenital defect, or disease associated loss of absorption
28
what is type 1 intestinal failure ?
self-limiting short term postoperative or paralytic ileus
29
what is type 2 intestinal failure?
prolonged, associated with sepsis and metabolic complications. often related to abdominal surgery with complications
30
what is type 3 intestinal failure?
long term but stable - home parenteral nutrition often indicated
31
give an example of a cause of acute IF
mucositis post chemotherapy
32
give an example of a cause of chronic IF
short gut syndrome
33
acute IF is associated with type .....?
1 and 2
34
chronic IF is associated with type .....?
3
35
in type 1 the patient is ___ or moderately ____
normal or moderately malnourished
36
what are the treatment steps in type 1 IF?5
- Replace fluid and correct electrolytes - Parenteral Nutrition if unable to tolerate food/fluids > 7days post op - Acid Suppression - Octreotide - Alpha hydroxycholecalciferol
37
how is acid suppression mediated?
through the administration of proton pump inhibitors
38
what does ocreatide do?
stops vomiting - cuts down gut movement
39
what does alpha hydroxycholecalciferol do?
preserves Mg
40
who commonly gets type 2 IF? 3
septic patients - abdominal fistulae - perioperative patients
41
what is a common case of IF in the elderly ?
ischaemia
42
what may type 2 IF people need
parenteral nutrition
43
what type of needle is used to get parenteral access and what else is needed for access
vascuport needle and need ultrasound guidance
44
what are the complications of inserting the needle in parenteral nutrition? 3
pneumothorax / arterial puncture/misplacement
45
what are the complications of parenteral nutrition? 6
``` Sepsis SVC thrombosis Line fracture Line Leakage Line Migration Metabolic bone disease ```
46
what kind of problems cause type 3 IF? 7
- Short gut syndrome - Crohn’s disease - Neoplasia - Vascular - Mechanical - the downsyndrome boy - Radiation enteritis - Dysmotility
47
what are the treatment options for type 3 IF? 3
1- 1st line parenteral nutrition 2. intestinal transplantation 3. bowel lengthening
48
____ (_____) treatment for SBS
GLP2 (teduglutide) treatment for SBS
49
what is the normal range of legths for the small bowel?
250-850 cm
50
what is the length of short bowel in SBS ?
51
SBS happens when there is insufficient length of small bowel to meet n____ needs without ____ _____ support
SBS happens when there is insufficient length of small bowel to meet nutritional needs without artificial nutritional support
52
what is the most common indication for HPN?
short bowel syndrome
53
when is intestinal transplantation indicated
1. no improvement from PN 2. PN failure has occurred as a result of recurrent thrombosis of central venous channels, frequent sepsis or frequent volume depletion
54
___-___% 5 year survival - high mortality so should be thought of as a rescue therapy rather than a therapeutic option.
50-60
55
what is a stoma?
Stoma surgery results in a small opening on the surface of the abdomen being surgically created in order to divert the flow of faeces and/or urine.
56
Every few months have to stick a telescope into a stoma to look for _____-
rejection
57
what is the advantage of Intestinal transplant?
they eat
58
usually SB transplant is combined with a ___ transplant
liver
59
what are the main indications for SB transplant ? 2
loss of venous access and liver disease

GI: Intestinal Failure (1 decks)

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