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he matolog 1 > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Discipline that studies the development and diseases of blood

A

Hematology

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2
Q

stopping of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

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3
Q

clot formation; formation of thrombus

A

Thrombosis

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4
Q

destroys fibrin, preventing blood clots

A

Fibrinolysis

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5
Q

Who described “worms” in the blood?

A

Athanasius Kircher

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6
Q

Who gave an account of RBCs?

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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7
Q

Who described platelets as “petite plaques”?

A

Giulio Bizzozero

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8
Q

Who developed Wright stain?

A

James Homer Wright

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9
Q

Match:

a. Athanasius Kircher
b. Giulio Bizzozero
c. James Homer Wright
d. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

  1. 1674
  2. 1902
  3. 1657
  4. 2000
A

a - 3
b - none
c - 2
d - 1

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10
Q

Categories of blood cells: (3)

A
  1. RBC
  2. WBC
  3. Platelets
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11
Q

includes erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma

A

Whole blood

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12
Q

small white layer of cells lying between the packed cell volume and plasma (leukocytes and platelets)

A

Buffy coat

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13
Q

Describe the plasma

A

liquid portion of unclotted blood (Pale yellow & Hazy due to fibrin)

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14
Q

Describe the serum

A

fluid that remains when blood coagulates (Clear and straw colored)

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15
Q

Anucleate, biconcave, discoid cells filled with a reddish protein

A

Red blood cells

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16
Q

Size of RBC and its zone of pallor

A

6-8 um ; pallor occupies 1/3

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17
Q

Main function of RBC

A

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

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18
Q

One factor why anemia occurs

A

Increase of blood destruction during the time of pathway

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19
Q

Loosely related category of cell types dedicated to protecting their host from infection and injury

A

White blood cells

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20
Q

decreased/ low number of WBC count

A

Leukopenia

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21
Q

increased/ high WBC count

A

Leukocytosis

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22
Q

cancer of the blood including bone marrow & lymphatic system

A

Leukemia

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23
Q

1st line of defense

A

Skin

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24
Q

2nd line of defense

A

WBCs:

  1. Neutrophils – Bands
  2. Eosinophils
  3. Basophils
  4. Lymphocytes
  5. Monocytes
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25
3rd line of defense
1. Plasma Cells 2. Natural Killer(NK) Cells 3. Macrophage
26
Maintain blood vessel integrity by initiating wall repairs
Platelets
27
Main function of platelets
To stop bleeding
28
Meaning of OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
29
Main objective of OSHA
To ensure safe and helpful working conditions for workers by setting the standard
30
the superficial veins of the antecubital fossa (bend in the elbow are the most common sites for venipuncture)
Venipuncture
31
Technique of choice to obtain a blood specimen from newborns, geriatric, pediatric, and patients with severe conditions such as burn
Skin puncture
32
Why should skin puncture procedure must be noted after the specimen was obtained?
Skin puncture specimens may generate slightly different test results
33
Collection site for patients under 1 year of age
lateral or medial plantar surface of the heel
34
Collection site for children older than 1 year; adults
palmar surface of the distal portion of the 3rd or 4th finger
35
The formation and Development of Blood Cells
Hematopoiesis
36
Bones Responsible to Produce Blood Cells
Long bones
37
Arrange: Pluripotent Union Multipotent Proliferation Totipotent
Union→ Proliferation→Totipotent →Pluripotent →Multipotent
38
This occurs at the 19th day of gestation
Mesoblastic phase
39
When is formation of blood islands in yolk sac and aggregation of primitive cells happens?
19th day of gestation (2nd week of fetal life)
40
chief site of hematopoiesis production in embryonic phase
Yolk sac
41
Other term for mesoblastic phase
Embryonic phase
42
Future blood vessels
Angioblasts
43
Types of hemoglobin present during mesoblastic phase: (3)
1. Gower 1 2. Gower 2 3. Portland
44
Hematopoietic phase wherein it occurs during 4-5 gestational weeks (Starts on the 2nd Month)
Hepatic phase
45
Chief site of hematopoiesis during hepatic phase
Liver
46
When does fetal liver reaches its peak?
3rd month of fetal development/life
47
Detectable hemoglobin during the hepatic phase
a. Hb A b. Hb A2 c. Hb F
48
Hematopoietic phase wherein Lymphoid cells start to appear (lifetime)
Hepatic phase
49
Hematopoietic phase wherein there is already recognizable clusters of developing erythroblasts , granulocytes and monocytes
Hepatic phase
50
1st fully developed organ; major site for T cell production (Cellular)
Thymus
51
produce B cell production of hepatic stage (Humoral Cell)
1. Kidney 2. Spleen
52
Other organ where Granulocytes, Monocytes, Lymphocytes, and Megakaryocytes are seen
Lymph nodes
53
Match: Spleen activity a. Erythropoiesis b. Myelopoiesis c. Lymphopoiesis 1. but becomes minimal by the 5th month 2. until the end of normal gestation (splenic) 3. lifetime
a. Erythropoiesis - 2. until the end of normal gestation (splenic) b. Myelopoiesis - 1. but becomes minimal by the 5th month c. Lymphopoiesis - 3. lifetime
54
Where does myeloid phase occurs?
Occurs in medulla – inner part of bone marrow
55
When does myeloid phase occurs?
Starts on the 5th month of fetal life
56
Chief side of medullary phase
Red Bone marrow
57
Measurable levels of these proteins are detectable during the medullary phase:
a. EPO (Erythropoietin) b. G-CSF (Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) c. GM-CSF (Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) d. Hb F and Hb A2
58
Myeloid to Erythroid Ratio:
3:1
59
Mesenchymal cells that migrate into core of the bone and differentiate into skeletal and hematopoietic blood cells. HB A1 begins to appear and gradually increases in concentration. a. 1st statement is true, 2nd statement is true b. 1st statement is true, 2nd statement is false c. 1st statement is false, 2nd statement is true d. 1st statement is false, 2nd statement is false
a. 1st statement is true, 2nd statement is true
60
Stage of hematopoiesis: 1st few hours after the ovum becomes fertilized; union between ovum and sperm cell → can develop into any human cell type + placental cells
Totipotent
61
Stage of hematopoiesis: several days after fertilization → can develop into any cell type except the fetus
Pluripotent
62
Stage of hematopoiesis: derived from pluripotent stem cells; limited only to specific type of cells (organ formation)
Multipotent
63
Involved in the proliferation and maturation of blood cells
Adult hematopoiesis
64
Bone marrow of the long bones are made up of?
1. Osteoblast 2. Osteoclasts
65
Bone forming cells
Osteoblasts
66
Bone resorbing cells
Osteoclasts

he matolog 1 (5 decks)

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