Intro

Question 1

Founder of modern pharmacology, known for his work on the correlation between chemicals and their effectiveness.

Answer 1

Oswald Schmiedeberg (1838-1921)

Question 2

Developed aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in 1899.

Answer 2

Felix Hoffmann

Question 3

Introduced cocaine as a local anesthetic.

Answer 3

Carl Koller

Question 4

Developed the smallpox vaccine, leading to its global eradication by 1980.

Answer 4

Edward Jenner (1796)

Question 5

Discovered vitamin D deficiency as the cause of rickets.

Answer 5

Edward Mellanby (1921)

Question 6

Discovered insulin.

Answer 6

Frederick Banting & Charles Best (1921)

Question 7

Discovered penicillin, a major breakthrough in antibiotics.

Answer 7

Alexander Fleming (1928)

Question 8

Discovered streptomycin, used to treat tuberculosis.

Answer 8

Selman Waksman (1943)

Question 9

Developed the first polio vaccine.

Answer 9

Jonas Salk (1955)

Question 10

Developed the first polio vaccine.

Answer 10

Jonas Salk (1955)

Question 11

Increased funding for the rehabilitation of drug addiction and tightened regulations on drug prescriptions.

Answer 11

Anti-Drug Abuse Acts of 1986:

Question 12

Creation of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) to combat illegal drug activities.

Answer 12

EO 218

Question 13

This amendment mandates that the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) must have custody of all seized dangerous drugs to ensure proper handling and prevent misuse.

Answer 13

RA 10640 – Strengthening of Sec. 21 of RA 9165:

Question 14

Philippine law aimed at safeguarding the country from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs. It provides strict regulations on drug use, distribution, and penalties for violations.

Answer 14

RA 9165 – Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002

Question 15

Promotes the use of generic drug names in prescriptions

Answer 15

RA 6675 – Generics Act of 1988

Question 16

This law aims to provide affordable and quality medicines by regulating the prices of essential drugs.

Answer 16

RA 9502 – Cheaper Medicine Act of 2008

Question 17

The first national drug law in the United States, requiring accurate labeling of medicines to ensure public safety.

Answer 17

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Question 18

Forbade the sale of substantial doses of opiates or cocaine except by licensed doctors or pharmacies

Answer 18

Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914

Question 19

A label required on tobacco products in the United States, warning about the health risks associated with smoking and tobacco use

Answer 19

Surgeon General’s Warning

Question 20

A US federal law that established schedules for classifying controlled substances, regulating their manufacture, distribution, and use

Answer 20

Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970

Question 21

Study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes.

Answer 21

Pharmacology

Question 22

Use of alcohol in nutrition, medicine, and rituals.

Answer 22

Stone Age Medicine

Question 23

First use of inorganic salts as medications.

Answer 23

Hippocrates

Question 24

Promoted a dogmatic approach to medicine.

Answer 24

Galen

Question 25

Introduced the concept of dose-response and stated, “The dose makes the poison.”

Answer 25

Paracelsus

Question 26

Movement of a drug into the bloodstream after administration.

Answer 26

Absorption

Question 27

Movement of a drug to and from blood and tissues.

Answer 27

Distribution

Question 28

Drug that activates receptors to produce a desired response.

Answer 28

Agonist

Question 29

Drug that prevents receptor activation, blocking a response.

Answer 29

Antagonist

Question 30

Ratio between the effective dose and lethal dose.

Answer 30

Therapeutic Index

Question 31

Range between the minimum effective concentration and minimum toxic concentration

Answer 31

Therapeutic Window

Question 32

Always undesirable and can lead to toxicity.

Answer 32

Adverse Effects

Question 33

Unrelated physiological effects of a drug, can be desirable or undesirable.

Answer 33

Side Effects

Question 34

Initial higher dose of a drug at the start of treatment.

Answer 34

Loading Dose

Question 35

Time it takes for half the drug to be eliminated from the body.

Answer 35

Half-Life

Question 36

Beneficial effects not due to the active properties of the treatment, but the patient’s belief.

Answer 36

Placebo Effect

Question 37

Failure to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, caused by factors like poor compliance or drug interactions.

Answer 37

Therapeutic Failure

Question 38

Study of how drugs are formulated and delivered to achieve their therapeutic effect.

Answer 38

Pharmaceutics

Question 39

Breakdown of a drug into smaller particles.

Answer 39

Disintegration

Question 40

Process of drug particles dissolving in the GI tract.

Answer 40

Dissolution

Question 41

Drugs that affect multiple receptor sites.

Answer 41

Non-Specific Drug Effects

Question 42

Drugs that affect multiple types of receptors.

Answer 42

Non-Selective Drug Effects