Intro

Question 1

energy

Answer 1

the capacity of a system for doing work

Question 2

5 forms of energy

Answer 2

electromagnetic
thermal
electrical
sound
mechanical

Question 3

transfers energy into or out of biological tissues

Answer 3

therapeutic modalities

Question 4

radiation is the primary transfer of energy

Answer 4

electromagnetic

Question 5

distance between peaks on wave

Answer 5

wavelength

Question 6

number of wave oscillations or vibrations

Answer 6

frequency

Question 7

lower frequencies equals

Answer 7

longer wavelengths

Question 8

range of colors

Answer 8

spectrum

Question 9

when light changes direction as a result of differences in wavelength and frequency of color

Answer 9

refracted

Question 10

rays that rebound off material

Answer 10

reflected

Question 11

ray passes through one material to another and changes its path

Answer 11

refraction

Question 12

rays that pass through material

Answer 12

transmitted

Question 13

portion of radiation absorbed into material

Answer 13

absorption

Question 14

no changes can occur in body tissues if the amount of energy absorbed is insufficient to stimulate the absorbing tissues

Answer 14

Arndt-Schultz Principle

Question 15

inverse relationship between energy absorption by a tissue and energy penetration to deeper layers

Answer 15

Law of Grotthus-Draper

Question 16

90 degree angle is most efficient for absorption

Answer 16

Cosine Law

Question 17

intensity of radiation striking a surface is known to vary inversely with the square of the distance from the source

Answer 17

Inverse Square Law

Question 18

ion movement causing rapidly vibrating radiation which produces heat

Answer 18

diathermy

Question 19

has a significant effect on soft-tissue and fracture healing. little or no thermal effects

Answer 19

low-power laser

Question 20

produces chemical changes in the cutaneous layer of skin. higher energy that violet light

Answer 20

Ultraviolet light

Question 21

object heated or cooled to a temperature different than the surrounding environment.

Answer 21

thermal energy

Question 22

used to produce a local and generalized heating or cooling of superficial tissues 1cm or less

Answer 22

conduction modalities

thermotherapy/cryotherapy

Question 23

used to produce a tissue temp increase

Answer 23

thermotherapy

Question 24

used to produce a tissue temp decrease

Answer 24

cryotherapy

Question 25

associated with flow of electrons or other charged particles through an electrical field. causes temp rise

Answer 25

electrical energy

Question 26

ESTIM capable of: (4)

Answer 26

1. modulating pain 2. production contractions/relaxation 3. tissue/bone healing 4. chemical changes

Question 27

uses electronic instruments to accurately measure reinforcing info via audio or visual signals

Answer 27

electromyographic biofeedback

Question 28

consists of pressure waves due to the mechanical vibration of particles

Answer 28

sound energy

Question 29

sound has a much greater velocity of transmission in _____ than _____

Answer 29

bone, fat

Question 30

deep heating conversion modality. same form of energy as audible sound

Answer 30

ultrasound

Question 31

noninvasive modality used for tissue and bone injuries

Answer 31

extracorporeal shock wave therapy

Question 32

when work is done on object, object gains energy. energy acquired by object upon which work is done is...

Answer 32

mechanical energy

Question 33

energy of motion

Answer 33

kinetic energy

Question 34

stored energy of position

Answer 34

potential energy