Flashcards in intro/brain Deck (24)
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1
3 levels of neural control
1. Cortex
2. Subcortical structures ( brainstem, cerebellum)
3. Neuromuscular system/ sensory system
2
3 phases of tissue healing
1. Inflammatory phase (2-4 days)- swelling, edema, redness, pain
2. Proliferation/fibroblastic repair (4-6w)- damaged tissue is replaced w new scar collagen tissue
3. Maturation phase- reestablishing tensile strength of scar tissue + collegen refining
3
5 factors that effect healing/ performance
1. physical- serverity, poor blood supply, infection, age
2. autonomic influence- sympathetic drive may result in referal pain to other regions
3. Emotional/psychosocial influence- increase stress/ anxiety/depression
4. Preexisting conditions- orthopedic, neurological +/or sensorimotor conditions may prolong recovery
5. Motivation/adherence- requires the motivation to adhere to a rehab program
4
How can HCP improve rehab outcomes
-holistic view
-provide positive reinforcment
-active listening/support
-patient/athlete advocacy
5
how many hemishepes in each lobe
5
6
%s of brain regions
cerebral cortex- 82%
cerebrellum- 10%
basal ganglia- 8%
7
Frontal lobe seperated by which sulcus
seperated from temportal lobe by lateral sulcus
8
two functions/ areas of frontal lobe
1. prefrontal cortex- cognition ( executive function, judgement, memory)
2. Motor areas (broadmanns area 4 + 6)
9
function of brodmann area 4, what does it contain and where does it project to
-mediates voluntary movement of limbs in trunk
-contains bertz cells- projects to corticospinal tract
10
Structures of brodmann area 6, projects to, function
-premotor cortex- integrates sensory info for movement planing
-supplementary motor area- part of motor loop w basal ganglia
projects to M1, brainstem, spinal cord
-planning, prep for movmt
11
cingulate motor area
lmbic system connections (motivation, internal state of indv.)
12
3 areas of parietal lobe
-somatosensory area- proprioception, touch, sensory localization
-superior somatosensory cortex
- Posterior perietal cortex- attn, planning movement, integration of visual info
13
2 areas of visual system
Primary visual cortex (V1)
Visual association cortex (V2-6)
14
2 streams of visual system
Dorsal (magnocellular)- motion, depth, temporal resolution
Ventral (parvocellular) - V3-6 - fine details, colour, spacial resolution
15
where does the optic nerve decussates
@ the optic chiasm
16
where does the optic nerve project to
to lateral geniculate nucleus in the brainstem to v1-6 --> dorsal + ventral streams of perception
17
What is located in the temporal lobe?
-Primary auditory cortex superior
- Wernicke's area (comprehension of language)
- inferior surface- associated w high order visual processing
18
What are the structures in the limbic lobe and what is the function
-cingulate + parahippocampal gyri
- cingulate gyrus immediately superior to corpus callosum
-emotions, driven behaviours, memory
19
Dienchephalon 4 divisions
1. thalmus
2. hypothalmus
3. epithalmus
4. subthalmus
20
Thalmus location
protrues over the superior portion of the brainstem, borders the 3rd ventricle
21
two motor loops of thamus
motor cortex cerebellum
motor cortex basal ganglia
22
Hypothamus function
-controls ans
- maintains homeostasis, regulates body temp, visceral responses, some limbic function
23
Conduit (relay nuclei)- functions and tracts
ascending- cerebelum, thalmus- crude touch and pressure, light touch and proprioception
decending-> spinal cord, trunk and limbs
24
