Intro chapter Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the official UN definition of a complex emergency?
A humanitarian crisis involving a breakdown of authority due to conflict, requiring a system-wide international response beyond any single agency’s capacity (IASC, 1994; OCHA, 1999).
Why is the term “complex emergency” considered problematic?
Because it suggests emergencies are sudden and exceptional, whereas many are protracted, politically constructed, and sustained over time (Allen & Schomerus, 2012).
What is Mark Duffield’s critique of “developmentalism” in relation to complex emergencies?
Duffield argues that aid has shifted from bridging to development toward managing permanent emergencies, often reinforcing dependency and conflict economies (Duffield, 1994).
How does David Rieff characterize the moral dilemma of modern humanitarianism?
Rieff sees humanitarianism as well-intentioned but deeply flawed—responding to symptoms, enabling political inaction, and sometimes perpetuating conflict (Rieff, 2002).
According to Andras Vailin, what are the political risks of humanitarian aid?
Humanitarian aid can mask political inaction, sustain systemic injustice, and serve donor government interests more than affected populations (Vailin, 2003).
What are the common characteristics of complex emergencies according to OCHA?
Violence and death, mass displacement, economic collapse, obstructed aid, and threats to aid workers—all typically require large-scale multifaceted responses.
(Source: OCHA Handbook, 1999)
How does Michael Fleshman suggest the humanitarian system can be improved?
Through reform emphasizing timely response, predictable funding, better coordination, and integrating aid with long-term development goals (Fleshman, 2006).
What media-related critique does Jonathan Benthall offer about humanitarian narratives?
Benthall argues that media oversimplifies crises into emotional narratives, shaping donor behavior and distorting the realities of aid work (Benthall, 1993).
How does the term “complex emergency” reflect institutional self-interest, according to Allen & Schomerus?
Labeling a situation a complex emergency can justify the role of humanitarian agencies like OCHA and exclude development agencies from funding and action.
What does Jan Egeland argue is needed to strengthen humanitarian responses?
Stronger political will, better global coordination, and structural reform are necessary to address large-scale crises effectively (Egeland, 2008).
