What is the role of the PTA?
Educate, communicate, observe, execute POC
Goals vs. Outcomes
Goals: decrease or eliminate S/S
Outcome: increase physical fxn, meet goals
Purpose of Thera-Ex
- remediate/prevent impairments
- improve, restore, or enhance physical function
- optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being
Thera Ex Interventions
- Aerobic conditioning & reconditioning
- Muscle performance ex: strength, power, and endurance training
- Stretching techniques including muscle lengthening & joint mobilization/manipulation
- Neuromuscular control, inhibition, and facilitation
- Postural control, body mechanics, and stabilization
- Balance ex and agility training
- Relaxation techniques
- Breathing ex and ventilator muscle training
- Task-specific functional training
Components of Physical Function (9)
Balance Cardiopulmonary Fitness Coordination Flexibility Mobility Muscle Performance Neuromuscular Control Postural control/stability and Equilibrium Stability
Balance
Ability to align body against gravity to maintain or move the COM within BOS, using sensory/motor systems
Cardiopulmonary Fitness
Ability to perform mod intensity, repetative, total body movements in a given time
(cardiopulmonary fitness)
Coordination
Correct timing & sequencing of muscle firing with appropriate muscle contraction intensity, allowing effective movements to occur
(consciously or unconsciously)
Flexibility
Ability to move freely, without restriction; interchangeable with mobility
Mobility
Ability of muscle segments to move structures (ROM) for fxnal activities
Passive mobility- dependent on soft tissue extensibility
Active mobility- requires neuromuscular activation
Muscle Performance
Capacity of muscle to produce tension and physical work
Encompasses strength, power, and muscular endurance
Neuromuscular Control
Interaction of sensory & motor systems that enables coordination to be intact Activates muscles (agonists, synergists, antagonists, stabilizers, neutralizers) to respond to proprioceptive & kinesthetic info
Postural control/stability and Equilibrium
Used interchangeably with dynamic and static balance
Stability
Ability of synergistic muscle actions to hold a body segment in a stationary position or control a stable base during superimposed movements (via neuromuscular system)
What is the goal of thera ex for the pt to achieve?
An optimal level of symptom free movement
- PLOF or CLOF
Pathology (examples)
LBP, Sprain, Strain, TKR
Impairment (examples)
pain, m weakness, decr m length, jnt hyper mobility, poor balance, abnormal tone, decr aerobic capacity, skin hypomobility
Functional Limitations (examples)
reaching/grasping, pushing/pulling, turning/twisting, throwing/catching, bending, lifting/lowering/carrying, sitting/standing tolerance, sit<>stand, movement in various environments
Disability (examples)
self-care, occupational tasks, school-related, socializing, recreational activities
How are best practices implemented & why are they important?
Utilizing evidence based practice & past experiences that relate to current situation
- create best possible outcomes
- ensure effectiveness & quality of care
