INTRO TO ACLS Flashcards

Question

BLS Assessment Check Breathing and Pulse

Answer 1

Check Breathing and Pulse  Scan chest for 5-10 seconds for movement for absent or abnormal breathing  Check pulse simultaneously (5-10 seconds)  No pulse within 10 seconds – start chest compression  If pulse – rescue breathing (1 breath every 5 – 6 seconds)  Check pulse every 2 mins

Answer 2

Defibrillation  If no pulse, check for shockable rhythm  Provide shock as indicated  Follow each shock immediately with CPR, beginning with compressions

Answer 3

Check Responsiveness Shout/Seek for Nearby Help Check breathing and pulse Defibrillate

Answer 4

Compress chest at least 2 inches (5 cm) Compress chest at a rate of 100-120/min Allow complete chest recoil after each compression Compress hard and fast Minimize interruption in compressions (10 seconds of less) Avoid excessive ventilation (30:2) Switch compressor every 2 mins (or earlier if fatigued)

Answer 5

Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure

Answer 6

Airway  Maintain patency in unconscious patients  Use advanced airway management if needed  Confirm proper CPR-Ventilation coordination  Secure device to prevent dislodgment  Monitor airway placement with capnography waveform

Answer 7

Breathing  Given supplemental O2 if indicated  Monitor adequacy of Ventilation and Oxygenation  Avoid excessive ventilation

Answer 8

Circulation  Monitor CPR quality  Attach monitor/defibrillator for arrhythmias or cardiac arrest rhythms  Provide defibrillation/cardioversion  Obtain IV/IO access  Give appropriate Drugs  Give IV/IO fluid if needed  Check glucose and temperature  Check perfusion issues

Answer 9

Disability  Check for neurologic function  Quickly assess for responsiveness, LOC, Pupil dilation  AVPU: Alert, Voice, Painful, Unresponsiveness

Answer 10

Exposure  Remove clothing to perform physical examination  Looking for obvious signs of trauma, bleeding, burns, unusual markings, or medical alert bracelets

Answer 11

S – Signs and symptoms  Breathing difficulty, tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, headache, abdominal pain, bleeding A – Allergies  Medications, foods, latex, etc. and associated reactions M – Medications (including the last dose taken)  Patient medications, including OTC, vitamins, inhalers, herbal supplements, last dose and time, home meds P – Past Medical History  Health history, family history, significant underlying health problems, past surgeries, immunization status L – Last meal consumed  Time and nature of last intake of liquid or food E – Events  Events leading to current illness, hazards at scene, treatment course, estimated time of onset

Answer 12

The most common causes of cardiac arrest Hs – Hypvolemia Hypoxia Hydrogen ions (acidosis) Hypo-hyper kalemia Hypothermia

Answer 13

The most common cause of cardiac threats. Ts – Tension ptx Tamponade (cardiac) Toxins Thrombosis (pulmonary or coronary)

Answer 14

Indications for Advanced Airway  Inability to oxygenate patient  (SpO2 < 90%, PaO2 < 55)  Inability to ventilate patient  (rising PaCO2, respiratory acidosis, mental status change or other symptoms)  Patient unable to protect the airway

Answer 15

Providing Basic Ventilation  Head tilt-chin lift  Jaw thrust without head extension Suspected cervical spine trauma  Mouth to mouth ventilation  Mouth to nose ventilation  Mouth to barrier device ventilation  Bag-mask ventilation Flow inflating vs Self inflating

Answer 16

Airway Adjuncts Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA) Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA) Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Combitube Endotracheal Tube (ETT)

Answer 17

LMA Plugs esophagus Air holes take air to trachea AMBU Bag patient Listen for breath sounds Look at chest Add End Tidal CO2 detector Check BS over stomach Make sure air is Not going to stomach Esophagus is blocked by large cuffed end of tube Trachea is open for air to enter Air from holes in tube goes to trachea