Intro to Ani Nutri

Question 1

edible material needed by animal for growth, health, and reproduction

Answer 1

feed

Question 2

feed given to animals for one day

Answer 2

ration

Question 3

animals possessing compound stomach

Answer 3

ruminants

Question 4

animals with simple stomach

Answer 4

non ruminants

Question 5

substances needed by animals to sustain life

Answer 5

nutrients

Question 6

feed with high fiber content and low protein

Answer 6

roughage

Question 7

feed with high protein content and low fiber

Answer 7

concentrates

Question 8

feed material for ruminant animals, either fresh or dry, but usually cereals

Answer 8

fodder crops

Question 9

fermented forage crops

Answer 9

silage

Question 10

fresh forage crops

Answer 10

soilage

Question 11

any feed constituent which may function in the nutritive support of the animal

Answer 11

nutrient

Question 12

any feed low (below 20%) in crude fiber and high (over 60%) TDN on an air-dry basis

Answer 12

concentrate

Question 13

any feed high in (over 20%) in crude fiber and low (under about 60%) in TDN, on an air-dry basis

Answer 13

roughage

Question 14

basic functions of feed nutrients

Answer 14

• build and maintains body structure
• source of energy for heat production, work and/or fat deposition
• regulate body processes/activities and as constituents of body-produced regulators

Question 15

6 basic classes of nutrients

Answer 15

• water
• carbohydrates
• proteins
• fat
• minerals
• vitamins

Question 16

most basic nutrient because of its active and structural participation in life

Answer 16

water

Question 17

cheapest nutrient required in largest amount

Answer 17

water

Question 18

3 sources of water

Answer 18

• drinking water
• water in food
• metabolic water

Question 19

functions of water

Answer 19

• solvent that transports nutrients in the body and in which waste products are excreted
• regulates body temperature
• involved in chemical reaction brought about by enzymes

Question 20

neutral chemical compounds with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 20

carbohydrates

Question 21

main component of all plants and many seeds

Answer 21

carbohydrates

Question 22

plants store energy in the form of carbohydrates

Answer 22

starch

Question 23

“grape sugar” primary form utilized for energy production

Answer 23

glucose

Question 24

“fruit sugar” sweetest among the naturally occurring carbohydrates

Answer 24

fructose

Question 25

component of milk sugar

Answer 25

galactose

Question 26

monosaccharides:

Answer 26

• glucose • fructose • galactose

Question 27

disaccharides:

Answer 27

• sucrose • maltose • lactose

Question 28

“cane or beet sugar” commonly used as food sweetener

Answer 28

sucrose

Question 29

“cane or beet sugar” commonly used as food sweetener

Answer 29

sucrose

Question 30

“malt sugar” used in the manufacture of beer or scotch whiskey

Answer 30

maltose

Question 31

“malt sugar” used in the manufacture of beer or scotch whiskey

Answer 31

maltose

Question 32

“milk sugar” imparts a faint sweet taste in milk

Answer 32

lactose

Question 33

polysaccharides:

Answer 33

• starch • glycogen • cellulose

Question 34

polysaccharides:

Answer 34

• starch • glycogen • cellulose

Question 35

reserve carbohydrates in plants, primary energy source of animals

Answer 35

starch

Question 36

“animal starch” essential in energy metabolism

Answer 36

glycogen

Question 37

most abundant single polymer in plant kingdom

Answer 37

cellulose

Question 38

serves as electron carriers substrates to enzymatic reactions components of biological membranes sources and stores of energy

Answer 38

lipids

Question 39

in animals this is a major form of energy storage

Answer 39

lipids

Question 40

important source of stored energy ____ are usually of animal origin ____ are from plants and marine mammals

Answer 40

Fats and Oils Fats Oils

Question 41

primary constituents of biological membranes

Answer 41

phospholipids

Question 42

widely distributed in plants and animals where they have protective functions

Answer 42

waxes

Question 43

steroids:

Answer 43

• sterols • bile acids • adrenal and sex hormones

Question 44

hormone like substances that regulate many cell functions like blood clotting, blood pressure and immune responses

Answer 44

eicosanoids

Question 45

complex organic compounds of high molecular weight

Answer 45

proteins

Question 46

similar to carbohydrates and fats, it also contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, in addition to nitrogen and sulfur

Answer 46

proteins

Question 47

functions of proteins:

Answer 47

• found in all living cells, where they intimately connected with all phases of activity that constitutes the life of the cell • comprise collagens, elastins, keratin, albumin and globulin

Question 48

chicks, in addition to the 10 essential amino acids also need a dietary supply of __________

Answer 48

glycine

Question 49

pig on the other hand does not need to be supplied with __________ as this animal can synthesise it

Answer 49

arginine

Question 50

in ruminants, all _________________ can be synthesised by the rumen microorganisms, making them independent of a dietary source of amino acids

Answer 50

essential amino acids

Question 51

proved to have a metabolic role in the body, deficiency of these elements will cause deficiency symptoms in animals

Answer 51

essential mineral elements

Question 52

present in the body in a concentration not greater than 50mg/kg and are required at less than 100mg/kg in the diet. They function as activators or co-factors of enzymes.

Answer 52

trace elements

Question 53

examples of trace elements

Answer 53

iron,zinc,copper, molybdenum, selenium, iodine, manganese, and cobalt

Question 54

generally required at a relatively larger amount than the trace elements. they function as components of tissue structure.

Answer 54

macro elements

Question 55

examples of macro elements

Answer 55

calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur and magnesium

Question 56

organic compounds required in small amounts for normal growth and maintenance of animal life as well as plants

Answer 56

vitamins

Question 57

are easily destroyed by oxidation, speeded up by heat, light and certain metals like iron.

Answer 57

vitamins

Question 58

stored in the fatty tissues of the body and therefore are poorly excreted

Answer 58

fat soluble vitamins

Question 59

readily excreted in the urine. if not provided in the diet they rapidly become deficient because they are poorly stored

Answer 59

water soluble vitamins

Question 60

least stable and easily destroyed among the vitamins

Answer 60

vitamin c