Intro to Diagnostic Radiology PowerPoint

Question 1

callus formation is___

Answer 1

new bone being laid down, can be sign of occult stress fracture

Question 2

MRI gold standard for….

Answer 2

soft tissue injury

Question 3

If you see excess bone on XRAY what is one pathology it could be?

Answer 3

Pagets dz

Question 4

DEXA scan used mostly for___

Answer 4

osteopenia/ osteoporosis

Question 5

most shoulder dislocations are ____

Answer 5

anterior

Question 6

for shoulder complaint what xrays should you order?

Answer 6

always get an AP and Y or wide view - always order 2 views!

Question 7

A Y xray view is aka as ___

Answer 7

a lateral view

Question 8

For humeral/ arm concerns always order..

Answer 8

AP and Y view - at least 2 views

Question 9

what 2 views best for elbow?

Answer 9

AP and lateral view

Question 10

T/F olecranon fractures are rare

Answer 10

rare

Question 11

if supracondular fx or radial head fx are left untreated what is a complication that could develop?

Answer 11

Volkmanns contracture aka claw hand

Question 12

what is a Volkmann contracture?

Answer 12

due to brachial artery damage = ischemia to forearm

Wrist flexion, MCP jt extension, IP jt flexion

Question 13

if you see a fat pad on an xray what could that mean?

Answer 13

there is bleeding into a joint and there is an occult fracture

Question 14

if there is a radial head fx what could be presenting signs?

Answer 14

bursitis or tendonitis in the elbow

Question 15

greenstick fx is….

Answer 15

when bone bends and cracks instead of breaking clean into 2 pieces

more common in kids under 10 because bones still very flexible at this point

Question 16

any time there is a wrist injury what do you need to do?

Answer 16

palpate the anatomical snuff box!! Looking for pain or bogginess

Way to r/o a scaphoid fracture and/or AVN of bone secondary to a scaphoid fracture injuring the radial artery

Question 17

if worried about scaphoid fracture / AVN order what 4 tests?

Answer 17

order 3 xray views and then also a scaphoid view

Get them in thumb spike splint and f/u with repeat film

Question 18

extension fracture of the radius aka___

Answer 18

Colles fracture

Question 19

Flexion fracture of radius aka___

Answer 19

smiths fracture
or “reverse colles”
MOI: fall with hand inward

Question 20

for hand injuries what 3 views should you order?

Answer 20

PA, lateral, oblique

Question 21

what is classic boxers fracture?

Answer 21

Fracture of the 5th MCP
MOI: altercation/ punch

Usually just splint these.. if severe and angulated fx get ortho

Question 22

for a finger jt. dislocation such as 5th PIP.. what should you always do before reducing it?

Answer 22

order a xray to see if there is also a fracture there - and document what was all there before you do in office reduction

Question 23

what are some signs of degenerative jt disease?

Answer 23

loss joint space, loss art. cartilage, osteophytes, sclerosis, OA

Question 24

what is one pathology to think of with a hip strain?

Answer 24

trochanteric bursitis

Question 25

what is skiffy injury?

Answer 25

slipped capped epiphysis Seen commonly in teens Obesity is risk factor

Question 26

what is legg calves disease?

Answer 26

Pediatrics ages 3-10 See necrosis to femoral head signs: limping due to reduced blood flow to femoral head

Question 27

hip and pelvis always get __ view and ___

Answer 27

AP and compare both sides

Question 28

if you suspect a hip fx and want to do xray but pt is older, cant bear weight etc.. what do you order?

Answer 28

MRI

Question 29

dangerous complication of femur fx

Answer 29

fat emboli

Question 30

if worried about patellar fx order...

Answer 30

sunrise view xray | knee is bent in xray can see vertical fx easier

Question 31

knee order..

Answer 31

AP and lateral view

Question 32

what is most common peds MSK tumor?

Answer 32

osteocarcinoma seen in teens - pain in legs or extremity, worse throughout day horrible at night Causes immature new bone growth - on xray have mixture of densities

Question 33

view for ankle injury

Answer 33

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 34

osteomyelitis def and what is common cause?

Answer 34

bone infection - DM

Question 35

diagnostic test for osteomyelitis

Answer 35

MRI

Question 36

anyone with an ulceration in the foot what do you do?

Answer 36

admit and get plain xray

Question 37

foot views

Answer 37

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 38

if you ever see a calcaneous fracture from a fall MOI suspect ____ fracture as well

Answer 38

compression fracture in lumbar spine

Question 39

what is considered the "ballerina fx"

Answer 39

evulsion fracture at base of 5th MT due to eversion