Intro To Human Diseases

Question 1

Change in structure or function that is considered to be abnormal within the body

Answer 1

Disease

Question 2

alternation of homeostasis

Answer 2

disease

Question 3

pathologic condition of the body and the mind

Answer 3

disorder

Question 4

examples of disorders

Answer 4

vitamin deficiency (nutritional disorders) & malformation of joint (bone disorder)

Question 5

group of symptoms caused by several interrelated problems

Answer 5

syndrome

Question 6

structural/morphological alterations assoc with a diseased state in an individual

Answer 6

lesion

Question 7

example of a papule

Answer 7

pimple

Question 8

example of a vesicle

Answer 8

chicken pox

Question 9

is a papule with water

Answer 9

vesicle

Question 10

a change which is specifically characteristic of a disease

Answer 10

pathognomonic lesion

Question 11

example of a pathognomonic lesion

Answer 11

RS Cell (reed sternberg cells) in Hodgkin’s Disease

Question 12

Ulcer in Amebiasis

Answer 12

Flask shaped ulcer

Question 13

Manifestations of a disease that are observed

Answer 13

clinical signs

Question 14

Manifestations seen by the naked eye

Answer 14

clinical signs

Question 15

subjective feeling of an abnormality in the body

Answer 15

clinical symptoms

Question 16

can only be reported by the affected individuals

Answer 16

clinical symptoms

Question 17

What are the 4 predisposing factors of a disease

Answer 17

1) age
2) gender
3) environment
4) lifestyle

Question 18

immune systems are not fully developed

Answer 18

newborns

Question 19

immune systems are degrading

Answer 19

elderly

Question 20

predisposing factors common in men

Answer 20

lung cancer

gout

Question 21

predisposing factors common in women

Answer 21

osteoporosis
rheumatoid arthritis
breast cancer

Question 22

name the 8 causes of diseases

Answer 22

“HIT HIN”

1) heredity
2) inflammation & infection
3) trauma
4) hyperplasia & neoplasm
5) immunity
6) nutritional imbalance

Question 23

caused by a physical injury from an external force

Answer 23

trauma

Question 24

the leading cause of death in children & young adults

Answer 24

trauma

Question 25

most frequent cause of trauma

Answer 25

motor vehicle accidents

Question 26

most frequent cause of trauma in young adults/males

Answer 26

firearms

Question 27

most frequent cause of trauma in young children

Answer 27

poison, suffocation

Question 28

most frequent cause of trauma in young children & elderly

Answer 28

falls

Question 29

most frequent cause of trauma in adolescence

Answer 29

suicide

Question 30

Protective immune response that is triggered by any type of injure or irritant

Answer 30

inflammation

Question 31

5 cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 31

``` calor (heat) rubor (redness) tumor (swelling) dolor (pain) functio laesa (loss of function/motion) ```

Question 32

refers to the invasion of microorganisms into tissue that causes cell tissue/injury

Answer 32

infection

Question 33

the two have increased # if cells which lead to increase in tissue size

Answer 33

hyperplasia & neoplasms

Question 34

lining of the stomach

Answer 34

pseudostratified columnar

Question 35

lining of the esophagus

Answer 35

stratified squamous

Question 36

overgrowth in response to some type of stimulus

Answer 36

hyperplasia

Question 37

examples of hyperplasia

Answer 37

female breast of puberty partial hepatectomy goiter (hormone deficiency)

Question 38

"hormonal hyperplasia" is also known as...

Answer 38

menstruation

Question 39

are all tumors neoplasms?

Answer 39

NO!

Question 40

overgrowths also known as "tumors"/"swellings"

Answer 40

neoplasms

Question 41

the overconsumption or underconsumption of nutrients

Answer 41

nutritional imbalance

Question 42

"-mal" means

Answer 42

abnormality

Question 43

an individual who has an illl, thin, wasted appearance

Answer 43

cachexia

Question 44

immune system protects the body in two additional ways:

Answer 44

1) inflammatory response (leukocytes) | 2) specific ag-atb reaction

Question 45

Allergy is an example of

Answer 45

impaired immunity

Question 46

When the body's lymphocytes cannot identify the body's own self antigens w/c are harmless

Answer 46

autoimmunity

Question 47

when there is a decrease/absence of lymphocytes

Answer 47

immunodeficiency

Question 48

4 types of diseases

Answer 48

1) infectious 2) noninfectious 3) psychosomatic 4) idiopathic

Question 49

Type of disease wherein pathogens must invade host to stimulate immune response to cause disease

Answer 49

infectious disease

Question 50

aka "non-transmissable" or "non-communicable" disease

Answer 50

non-infectious

Question 51

this is the leading cause of death in the world, over 60% of all deaths

Answer 51

non-infectious diseases

Question 52

examples of non-infectious diseases

Answer 52

``` heart disease allergy stroke cancer asthma emphysema DM ```

Question 53

type of disease involving mind & body

Answer 53

psychosomatic disease

Question 54

type of disease wherein physical diseases are made worse by mental factors

Answer 54

psychosomatic disease

Question 55

examples of psychosomatic diseases

Answer 55

``` psoriasis eczema / atopic dermatitis skin asthma stomach ulcer high BP depression anxiety ```

Question 56

type of disease where in the cause is unknown

Answer 56

idiopathic disease

Question 57

examples of idiopathic diseases

Answer 57

``` focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (scar tissue in the filtering unit of the kidney) ankylosing spondylitis (a form of spinal arthritis, chiefly affecting young males, that eventually causes ankylosis of vertebral and sacro-iliac joints.) ```