Framework for Pathophysiology

Question 1

What are the 4 aspects of a disease process

Answer 1

“EP MC”

1) etiology
2) pathogenesis
3) morphologic changes
4) clinical significance

Question 2

is also known as “cause”

Answer 2

etiology

Question 3

a series of events

Answer 3

pathogenesis

Question 4

mechanism of its (disease) development

Answer 4

pathogenesis

Question 5

structural alterations induced in cells/organs of the body

Answer 5

morphologic changes

Question 6

functional consequences of morphological changes

Answer 6

clinical significance

Question 7

it is the study of the cause/reasons for the phenomena

Answer 7

etiology

Question 8

it is the identification of the casual factors

Answer 8

etiology

Question 9

what are the major classes of etiologic factors?

Answer 9

1) intrinsic/genetic
2) extrinsic/acquired
3) idiopathic
4) iatrogenic
5) multifactorial
6) nosocomial

Question 10

subgroups of extrinsic diseases

Answer 10

• infectious
• nutritional
• chemical
• physical

Question 11

type of disease where the cause is unknown

Answer 11

idiopathic disease

Question 12

type of disease where the cause is the result of an unintended/unwanted medical treatment

Answer 12

iatrogenic disease

Question 13

a type of disease where several different etiologic factors lead to the development of the disease

Answer 13

multifactorial disease

Question 14

examples of multifactorial diseases

Answer 14

• CAD
• Diet
• Increased BP
• lifestyle
• Cigarette smoking
• Hormones

Question 15

Important for disease prevention & epidemiological studies

Answer 15

identification of risk factors

Question 16

hospital acquired disease

Answer 16

nosocomial disease

Question 17

common nosocomial pathogen

Answer 17

pseudomonas

Question 18

examples of nosocomial diseases

Answer 18

incisional staphylococcal infection in post-operative px

Question 19

it is a sequence of events in response of the cells or tissues to the etiologic agents

Answer 19

pathogenesis

Question 20

from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the disease

Answer 20

pathogenesis

Question 21

what are the stages and clinical course of pathogenesis

Answer 21

“IP SER C”

1) Incubation Phase
2) Prodromal period
3) Silent / Latent Period
4) Exacerbation
5) Remission
6) Convalescence

Question 22

exposure of a tissue to an infectious agent; 1st signs and symptoms

Answer 22

incubation phase

Question 23

appearance of the 1st signs and symptoms indicating the onset of the disease

Answer 23

prodromal period

Question 24

signs may become mild or even disappear for the time

Answer 24

silent / latent phase

Question 25

sudden increase in the severity of a disease

Answer 25

exacerbation

Question 26

decline in severity of the signs & symptoms of a disease

Answer 26

remission

Question 27

state of recovery after a disease/injury/surgery

Answer 27

convalescence

Question 28

refers to the structural alterations on cells/tissues that are either characteristics of the disease or diagnostic of the etiologic process

Answer 28

morphological changes

Question 29

examples of morphologic changes

Answer 29

gross and microscopic changes

Question 30

it is the predicted / expected outcome of a disease

Answer 30

prognosis

Question 31

sudden onset of a disease

Answer 31

acute disease

Question 32

examples of acute diseases

Answer 32

- URTI - Gastroenteritis - Pneumonia

Question 33

extended period of a disease

Answer 33

chronic disease

Question 34

chronic disease can be classified as > than?

Answer 34

>2 weeks

Question 35

examples of chronic disease

Answer 35

- hypertension - DM - heart disease - asthma

Question 36

functional consequences of the morphologic changes

Answer 36

prognosis

Question 37

onset of a second disease or disorder in an individual who is directly affected with a disease

Answer 37

complications

Question 38

percentage of people with a disease who live for a set of period of time

Answer 38

survival rate

Question 39

methods of diagnosis of a disease

Answer 39

1) laboratory tests | 2) radiologic tests