Intro to Implant Flashcards
What are the 2 leading causes of tooth loss?
Periodontal Disease
Caries
A prosthetic device or alloplastic material implanted into the oral tissues beneath the mucosal and/or periosteal layer and/or within the bone to provide retention and support for a fixed or removable dental prosthesis
Dental implant
___ implant:
ON/around bone
-subperiosteal
Eposteal
_____ implant:
- through the bone
- transmandibular
- from one side of the bone all the way through out the other side of
Transosteal
____ implant:
- in the bone
- blade and root form
Endosteal
- Denture is implant supported/expensive
- Survival rate 85% in ten years
- Indicated for atrophic mandible
- Bone resorption leads to mobility infection and loss
Eposteal
Requires one surgery usually in hospital
Eternal incision/approach
Excellent for the atrophic mandible where root form implants would weaken the jaw
Complex surgical procedure therefore not widely used
Restricted to the anterior mandible
Transosteal implant
A direct structural and functional connection btwn ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant
Osseointegration
Do most failures of an implant happen before placing restoration or after placing restoration?
Before - during healing phase
Approximately \_\_\_ of adults aged 20 to 64 have no teeth and almost \_\_\_ of seniors (above the age of 65) have no remaining teeth.
5%; 30%
The success rate of dental implants has been
reported in the scientific literature to be around
____%
98%.
■97% success rate
■Implant supported denture
■Used for severe atrophic mandibles <10mm
■Gold Alloy, not titanium
■Reversible – can be removed due to design of
screws and degree of integration, but not easy
process
■Allows facial muscles to be reattached to
improve facial profile
■One stage, extra-oral approach (submental)
■Eliminates ridge augmentation or
vestibuloplasty
Transmandibular implant (TMI)
■Leonard Linkow 1969 ■Titanium metal ■One stage/best for partially edentulous mandibles ■75% five year survival ■Most widely used until 1980 ■Early failures due to heat at preparation and immediate loading ■Drawbacks: Difficult to prepare a precision slot and if it fails, a large section of bone is involved
Blade implants
■Success rate greater than 90%
■Indicated for partially and fully edentulous cases/any
area of the mouth (versatility)
■Multiple uses: overdenture, hybrid, crown and
bridge, ortho anchorage…
Historically multiple attempts made with a multitude of metals.
Became the standard with the research of Per-Ingvar Brånemark in
1970 and the Concept of Osseointegration.
■Titanium or an alloy of titanium-aluminum-vanadium metal(s)
■1 or 2 stage approach
■In office procedure
■Screws/Cylinders
■Machined or rough (to increase surface area for integration)
Root form implants
■Not recognized as a foreign object by the body
■Less host rejection than other metals/alloys
■Medicine also recognized utilization in joint replacements
and heart valves
Titanium
