Intro to NCDs burden and intervention

Question 1

What are the 3 risk factors

Answer 1

Modifiable: can be changed by intervention
Non modifiable: cannot be changed by intervention
Metabolic

Question 2

Give examples of each type of risk factor

Answer 2

Modifiable: 4 EMPHASIZED BY THE WHO ( alcohol, tobacco, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity)
Non modifiable: age, race, sex, family history
Metabolic: high bp, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity

Question 3

What is the WHO’s recommended tool for surveillance of chronic diseases and their risk factors?

Answer 3

STEPwise approach. The tool used to collect data and measure NCDs risk factors within the STEPwise approach to surveillance is called the STEPS Instrument.

STEPS is a frequent community-based survey dealing with prevalence of chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension , cardiovascular disease, etc.) and their behavioral risk factors; obesity, hyperlipidemia, smoking, drinking alcohol, feeding habits, oil consumption, and physical activities.

Question 4

Describe the different levels of the STEPS instrument

Answer 4

These cover three different levels or ‘Steps’ of risk factor assessment:
➢ Step 1 (questionnaire) Socio demographic and behavioral information
➢ Step 2 (physical measurements) such as height, weight and blood pressure
➢ Step 3 (biochemical measurements) blood glucose and cholesterol levels

Question 5

What has the Egyptian government done to prevent NCDs?

Answer 5

Developed a national NCD multi-sectoral action plan