Intro to Nervous System

Question 1

What are the basic parts of a neuron?

Answer 1

1. Body / soma
2. Dendrites
3. Axon

Question 2

Which part of neuron carries signals to the soma?

Answer 2

Dendrites

Question 3

Which part of neuron carries signals away from the soma?

Answer 3

Axon

Question 4

Where are neurotransmitters released?

Answer 4

At the synapse

Moves from axon AWAY from one neuron to dendrites of post-synaptic neuron

Question 5

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 5

7

Question 6

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 6

12

Question 7

Where does the spinal cord end?

Answer 7

Around the lumbar region

Question 8

How do signals get to the lower lumbar, sacral and cocygeal regions?

Answer 8

they travel down spinal nerves

group of spinal nerves that carries signals to lower levels is called the Cauda equina

Question 9

Cauda equina

Answer 9

Group of spinal nerves that carry signals to lower lumbar, sacral and cocygeal regions since spinal cord stops

Question 10

How many layers are both the brain and spinal cord protected by?

Answer 10

3 layers

Question 11

List the 3 layers of meninges that protects the CNS

Answer 11

Dura mater

Arachnoid

Pia mater

Question 12

What makes up the CNS?

Answer 12

brain and spinal cord

Question 13

How does blood drain out of the skull?

Answer 13

Through the Venous sinus

Question 14

Venous sinus

Answer 14

A space in meningeal layer of connective tissue

Allows blood to drain

Question 15

What is a meninge?

Answer 15

Layers of membranes / connective tissue that protect the CNS (brain and spinal cord)

Question 16

What meninge is the venous sinus located in?

Answer 16

Dura mater

More specifically the meningeal layer

Question 17

Where is the cerebral fluid found?

Answer 17

In the arachnoid

Question 18

Pia mater

Answer 18

Most internal meninge

Suspends the spinal cord within the dural sac

Question 19

PNS

Answer 19

consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 20

Spinal cord versus spinal nerves

Answer 20

Spinal nerves come from the spinal cord and are part of the PNS

the spinal cord itself is part of the CNS

Question 21

What is true of the spinal nerve?

Answer 21

Contains both motor and sensory

Question 22

Dorsal ramus

Answer 22

A split of the spinal nerve

Contains both sensory and motor info

Question 23

Ventral ramus

Answer 23

A split of the spinal nerve

Contains both sensory and motor info

Question 24

Efferent fibers

Answer 24

Carry signals away from the CNS

Question 25

Afferent fibers

Answer 25

Carry signals towards the CNS

Question 26

What type of fibers do spinal nerves contain?

Answer 26

Both efferent and afferent fibers

Question 27

Myotome

Answer 27

a muscle mass that receives motor information from a specific spinal nerve

Question 28

What is the T1 myotome, for example?

Answer 28

All of the muscle mass that receives its information from the T1 spinal nerve

Question 29

Dermatome

Answer 29

An area of skin that has sensory innervation from a specific spinal nerve

Question 30

Somatic nervous system

Answer 30

Innervate the body wall A functional division of the nervous system Contains both motor and sensory modulaties Under conscious control

Question 31

Visceral nervous system

Answer 31

Motor system is not under conscious control A functional division of the nervous system Is part of the autonomic nervous system Works on smooth muscles, glands, organs, etc. Contains both motor and sensory components

Question 32

List the spinal cord segments

Answer 32

Cervical 8 Thoracic 12 Lumbar 5 Sacral 5 Coccygeal 1

Question 33

What makes spinal tap possible?

Answer 33

The needle is inserted in the L3-L4 or L4-L5 interspace This part of the lumbar does NOT contain any spinal cord

Question 34

Difference between root and rami

Answer 34

The ventral/dorsal rami contain both motor and sensory fibers The roots only contain either motor or sensory

Question 35

What do dorsal roots carry?

Answer 35

Sensory fibers to the CNS and from the PNS

Question 36

What do ventral roots carry?

Answer 36

Motor fibers to the PNS from the CNS