Intro to Nervous System

Question 1

Is the cerebral cortex grey or white matter?

Answer 1

Grey matter

Question 2

Is the corpus callosum grey or white matter?

Answer 2

White matter

Question 3

What is grey matter composed of?

Answer 3

Cell bodies and dendrites, where all the synapses are

Question 4

What is white matter composed of?

Answer 4

Axons and their supporting cells - connects grey matter

Question 5

Why is white matter white?

Answer 5

Due to the presence of myelin (fatty)

Question 6

What is the PNS equivalent of grey matter?

Answer 6

Ganglion

Question 7

What is the PNS equivalent of white matter?

Answer 7

Peripheral nerve

Question 8

How many segments is the spinal cord composed of?

Answer 8

31

Question 9

Describe the distribution of grey/white matter in the cord

Answer 9

Central core of grey matter and an outer shell of white matter

Question 10

Describe the distribution of grey/white matter in the brain

Answer 10

Central core of grey matter, surrounded by white matter, outer shell of grey matter

Question 11

Is the dorsal root sensory or motor?

Answer 11

Sensory

Question 12

Is the ventral root sensory or motor?

Answer 12

Motor

Question 13

What is a funiculus?

Answer 13

A segment of white matter containing multiple distinct tracts - impulses travel in multiple directions

Question 14

What is a tract?

Answer 14

Unidirectional connection between two regions of grey matter

Question 15

What is a fasciculus?

Answer 15

A subdivision of a tract supplying a distinct region of the body

Question 16

How is grey matter in the cord organised?

Answer 16

Into cell columns - Rexed’s laminae

Question 17

What is a nucleus?

Answer 17

A collection of functionally related cell bodies (grey matter)

Question 18

What is the cortex?

Answer 18

A folded sheet of cell bodies found on the surface of the brain (grey matter)

Question 19

What is a fibre?

Answer 19

An axon in association with its supporting cells (white matter)

Question 20

What are association fibres?

Answer 20

Fibres that connect cortical regions within the same hemisphere

Question 21

What are commissural fibres?

Answer 21

Fibres that connect left and right hemispheres or cord halves

Question 22

What are projection fibres?

Answer 22

Fibres that connect the cerebral hemispheres with the cord/brainstem and vice versa

Question 23

What does the precentral gyrus contain?

Answer 23

Primary motor cortex

Question 24

What does the postcentral gyrus contain?

Answer 24

Primary sensory cortex

Question 25

What does the primary visual cortex surround?

Answer 25

Calcarine sulcus

Question 26

Where is the site of olfactory cortex?

Answer 26

Uncus of temporal lobe

Question 27

Where is the key cortical region for memory encoding?

Answer 27

Parahippocampal gyrus

Question 28

What is the optic chiasm?

Answer 28

A site where fibres in the visual system cross over

Question 29

Where is the cortical area important for emotion and memory?

Answer 29

Cingulate gyrus

Question 30

What is the fornix?

Answer 30

Major output pathway from the hippocampus

Question 31

What is the tectum?

Answer 31

Dorsal part of the midbrain involved in involuntary responses to auditory and visual stimuli

Question 32

How is CSF reabsorbed?

Answer 32

Circulates through ventricular system and subarachnoid space before being reabsorbed at the arachnoid granulations into venous blood via venous sinuses