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Ocular Disease > Intro to Ocular Disease > Flashcards

Intro to Ocular Disease Flashcards

1
Q

_____ refers to the study of the symptoms or ch’s of a disease

A

Pathognomy

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2
Q

_____ dots are pathognomonic for vernal conjunctivitis

A

Trantas

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3
Q

Lisch nodules are pathognomic for

A

neurofibromatosis

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4
Q

What are developmental abnormalities of the eyelid

A
  1. telecanthus
  2. epicanthal folds
  3. epiblepharon
  4. eublepharon
  5. microblepharon
  6. entropion
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5
Q

What are eyelid abnormalities

A
  1. cyptothalmos
  2. ablepharon
  3. ankyloblepharon
  4. coloboma
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6
Q

____ is failure of differentiation between lid and anterior eye structures

A

cyptopthalmos

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7
Q

____ is deficiency of anterior layers of eyelid

A

ablepharon

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8
Q

____ is partial or complete fusion of lid margins

A

ankyloblepharon

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9
Q

____ in the lower lid is associated with teacher collins.

A

Coloboma

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10
Q

What is BPES associated with

A
  1. AD inheritance
  2. shortened palpebral fissure
  3. poor levator function
  4. absent lid crease/epicanthal fold
  5. ptosis
  6. telecanthus
  7. hypoplasia of nasal bridge
  8. amblyopia in 50%
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11
Q

what are developmental abnormalities of the cornea

A
  1. Anopthalmos
  2. Nanophthalmos/microphthalmos
  3. Microphthalmos (complex)
  4. Microcornea
  5. Megalocornea
  6. Cornea plana
  7. Sclerocornea
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12
Q

In ____ there is absence of the globe

A

anophthalmos

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13
Q

In _____ you have a small globe with normal structure

A

nanophthalmos

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14
Q

_____ complex is when you have nanopthalmos associated with another dysgenesis

A

microphthalmos

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15
Q

what refers to incomplete closure of embryonic fissure

A

coloboma

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16
Q

what are iris developmental abnormalities

A
  1. coloboma
  2. corectopia
  3. aniridia
17
Q

What are developmental craniofacial syndromes

A
  1. treacher- collins
  2. craniosynostosis
  3. hallerman-streiff
  4. fetal alcohol
18
Q

Which syndromes fall under craniosynostosis

A
  1. crouzon syndrome
  2. apert syndrome
  3. pfeiffer syndrome
19
Q

What are characteristics of Crouzon syndrome

A
  1. shortened forward development of cranium
  2. midfacial hypoplasia
  3. prominent jaw
  4. hypertelorism
  5. proptosis
  6. optic atrophy
  7. exposure keratitis
20
Q

what are characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome

A
  1. short palpebral fissure
  2. telecanthus
  3. epicanthal folds
  4. low nasal bridge
  5. microphthalmos
  6. strabismus
  7. optic nerve anomaly
  8. myopia
  9. retardation
  10. small birth weight
21
Q

What are chromosomal aberrations

A
  1. trisomy 21 - cataract, brush field spots, myopia, strabismus, keratoconus
  2. trisomy 17-18 - cataract, ptosis, microphthalmos, cornea opacity, colobomas
22
Q

What are diseases of metabolic disorders

A
  1. alkaptonuria
  2. cystinosis; llysosomal storage disorder resulting in deposits of cystine crystals
  3. MPS
  4. Sphingolipidoses
    - Fabry disease
    - Wilson disease
23
Q

What do you see in fabry disease

A

white to golden corneal opacities (whorl pattern), posterior wedge shaped cataract, conjunctival corkscrew vessels and micro aneurysm

24
Q

What do you see in Wildons disease

A

Defect in copper metaobolism deposit in DM peripherally with no clear interval to limbus.

25
Q

what metabolic disorders deal with the lens

A
  1. galactosemia (oil drop cataract)
  2. fairy disease (posterior wedge cataract)
  3. homocystinuria (ectopia lentis - inferior subluxation)
26
Q

What genetic things deal with the lens

A
  1. marfan syndrome- superior subluxation
  2. weill marchesani syndrome- inferior subluxation
  3. down syndrome - cataract + other
  4. edwards syndrome (trisomy 18) - cataract + other
27
Q

Argyrosis refers to ____ deposits. Chalcosis refers to ____ deposits. Siderosis refers to ____ deposits. Chrysiasis refers to _____ deposits.

A

silver; copper; iron; gold

28
Q

which drug causes stellate sub capsular cataracts

A

chlorpromazine

29
Q

which drug causes chalky white deposits where pith is absent

A

ciprofloxacin

30
Q

What are blue sclera conditions

A
  1. osteogenesis imperfecta (scleral thinning, megalocornea)
  2. ehlers-danlos syndrome (type VI)
  3. alkaptonuria- bluish grey/black discoloration of sclera
31
Q

Deficiency in this vitamin causes nyctalopia (night blindness), xerosis, bitot spot (impaired goblet cell function, keratinization), foamy keratinized epithelium, keratinization of cornea, and retinopathy

A

A

32
Q

Which drug causes argyrosis

A

minocycline

Ocular Disease (2 decks)

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