Intro to organic

Question 1

What is the general formula for alkanes ?

Answer 1

CnH2n+2

Question 2

What is the general formula for alkenes ?

Answer 2

CnH2n

Question 3

What is the general formula for cycloalkanes ?

Answer 3

CnH2n

Question 4

What takes priority when naming a molecule, double bond or methyl group ?

Answer 4

Double bond

Question 5

What is the functional group for alcohols ?

Answer 5

OH

Question 6

What is the functional group for alkenes ?

Answer 6

Double bond

Question 7

What is a haloalkane ?

Answer 7

Alkane with one or more halogens bonded to it.

Question 8

Name the three types of structural isomerism.

Answer 8

Chain isomerism
Positional isomerism
Functional group isomerism

Question 9

What is the definition for structural isomerism ?

Answer 9

Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 10

What is chain isomerism and give an example of it.

Answer 10

Where the length of the main carbon chain changes length.

2-methyl butane —> Pentane

Question 11

What is positional isomerism and give a example of it.

Answer 11

Where the position of a functional group moves.

but-1-ene —> But-2-ene
2-methyl pentane —> 3-methyl pentane

Question 12

What is functional group isomerism and give an example of it.

Answer 12

Where the functional group has changed.

Butene —> Cyclo butane

Question 13

What is the definition of stereoisomerism ?

Answer 13

Stereo isomers have the same structural formula and molecular formula but different arrangement of particles in space.

Question 14

What is E/Z isomerism and give a example of it.

Answer 14

Where a molecule cannot rotate due to a double bond so there is isomers where the groups on each side of the double bond swap around.

But-2-ene has E/Z isomers
Both H’s at top is the Z isomer
H’s on opposite sides is the E isomer