INTRO TO PHILOSOPHY AND LOGIC

Question 1

• To be filled with curiosity or doubt
• An event inexplicable by the laws of nature; a miracle.
• A feeling of puzzlement or doubt.

Answer 1

wonder

Question 2

• Walk or move in a leisurely, casual, or aimless way.
• An act or instance of wandering

Answer 2

wander

Question 3

___ is an act of wondering

Answer 3

philosophy

Question 4

how and why things in the natural world exist, change, and function

Answer 4

at the achievement of nature

Question 5

the principle of life and cognition in living beings

Answer 5

at the nature of soul

Question 6

how societies and political systems organize themselves and the role they play in achieving the good life (eudaimonia).

Answer 6

the way social and political institutions arrange themselves

Question 7

a Greek Philosopher, was the first to use the term Philosophy

Answer 7

pytagoras

Question 8

Merchants, Traders

Answer 8

lover of pleasure or gain

Question 9

Athletes, Competitors

Answer 9

lover of success or honor

Question 10

philosopher

Answer 10

lover of widom

Question 11

which type of man is superior according to pytagoras

Answer 11

lover of wisdom

Question 12

philosophy comes from:

philia - ___
sophia - ___

Answer 12

love
wisdom

Question 13

means a human person who dares and seeks the truth

Answer 13

love of wisdom

Question 14

is the science of all things by their first causes as known in light of reason

Answer 14

philoosphy

Question 15

• is knowledge of causes of things
• The “why” not the “what” must be addressed

Answer 15

scientific knowledge

Question 16

comes from the Latin verb “scire”, which means to know

Answer 16

science

Question 17

Study of Moral values and principles

Answer 17

ethics

Question 18

• Knowledge science
• Explores the nature and limitations of knowledge

Answer 18

epistemology

Question 19

• Investigates how knowledge is obtained
• Explores the relationship between belief, truth and knowledge

Answer 19

epistemology

Question 20

• Explores the fundamental nature of reality and being
• Existence, Objects, Properties, Space and Time, Cause and Effect

Answer 20

metaphysics

Question 21

• Explores nature and the appreciation of beauty, art, and taste.
• Deals with the principles of beauty and artistic taste

Answer 21

aesthetics

Question 22

From Greek word LOGOS (logos) which means study, reason or discourse

Answer 22

logic

Question 23

The science and art of correct thinking

Answer 23

logic

Question 24

___ is the systematic study of the principles of valid reasoning and argumentation

Answer 24

logic

Question 25

Its purpose is to distinguish between valid and invalid reasoning, fostering clarity in thought and communication.

Answer 25

logic

Question 26

Ensures coherence and avoids contradictions.

Answer 26

structure arguments

Question 27

Differentiates sound arguments from fallacies

Answer 27

evaluates reasoning

Question 28

Challenges assumptions and deepens understanding

Answer 28

promote critical thinking

Question 29

Logical reasoning allows for consistency in interpreting results and refining scientific theories

Answer 29

scientific knowledge - designing experiments

Question 30

Logic aids in accurate diagnoses and effective treatment planning.

Answer 30

medicine and health sciences - diagnostic reasoning

Question 31

Logic ensures fairness and consistency in legal judgments.

Answer 31

law - legal reasoning in court

Question 32

also known as syllogistic logic, was developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BCE)

Answer 32

aristotelian logic

Question 33

It is considered the earliest systematic study of formal logic and forms the foundation for Western logical thought.

Answer 33

aristotelian logic

Question 34

Aristotle’s logic was the ___ of reasoning that analyzed how conclusions follow logically from premises

Answer 34

first formal system

Question 35

Aristotle introduced the concept of ____ — a structured argument consisting of two premises and a conclusion.

Answer 35

syllogism

Question 36

Aristotle’s logical writings are compiled in a collection known as the ____ (Greek for "instrument").

Answer 36

organon

Question 37

Examines different types of terms and how they relate.

Answer 37

categories

Question 38

Discusses propositions and their logical relationships.

Answer 38

on interpretation

Question 39

Develops the theory of syllogistic reasoning

Answer 39

prior analytics

Question 40

Focuses on scientific reasoning and knowledge.

Answer 40

posterior analytics

Question 41

Logic trains individuals to analyze arguments, identify fallacies, and evaluate evidence systematically.

Answer 41

enhances critical thinking

Question 42

Logical reasoning provides tools to break complex problems into manageable parts and develop structured solutions.

Answer 42

improves problem solving skills

Question 43

Logic helps in organizing thoughts and expressing ideas in a coherent, persuasive manner.

Answer 43

develops clear communication

Question 44

Studying logic equips individuals to make informed choices based on reasoning rather than emotions or biases.

Answer 44

fosters rational decision-making

Question 45

Logic helps analyze moral dilemmas by clarifying principles and reasoning through complex situations

Answer 45

promotes ethical reasoning

Question 46

By fostering curiosity and critical inquiry, logic empowers individuals to question assumptions and explore new ideas.

Answer 46

prepares for lifelong learning

Question 47

application of logic in health care sciences

Answer 47

- ethical decision making - diagnostic reasoning - risk assessment and management - crisis management - multidisciplinary collaboration - evidenced based practice

Question 48

limitations of logic

Answer 48

- Inability to Address Emotional or Subjective Truths - cultural and contextual limitations