Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

phys mod > intro to physical agents > Flashcards

intro to physical agents Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of physical agents in rehab

A

application energy and materials to pt to assist rehab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the physical agents used

A

heat
cold
water
pressure
sound
electromagnetic radiation
electrical currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 3 main classifications of physical agents

A

thermal
electromagnetic
mechanical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the use of thermal agents

A

transfer of energy to inc or dec tissue temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 2 types of heating modalities

A

superficial and deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

give examples of superficial heating modalities

A

HMP
PWB
fluidotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

give examples of deep heating modalities

A

ultrasound
SWD and MWD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

give examples of cryotherapy

A

ice packs
vapocoolant spray
cold whirlpool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

give modalities that uses conduction

A

HMP
PWB
ice packs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

give modalities that uses convection

A

cold whirlpool
fluidotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

give modalities that uses evaporation

A

vapocoolant spray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

give modalities that uses conversion

A

ultrasound and diathermy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

direct piezoelectric effects vs reverse piezoelectric effect

A

direct - mechanical to electrical energy

reverse - electrical to mechanical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the use of mechanical agents

A

use of mechanical forces to inc or dec pressure in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

give examples of mechanical modalities

A

hydrotherapy
ICT and ILT
IPC
ESWT
US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

give the rationale on why hydrotherapy can be both thermal and mechanical

A

bcs water temperature can be cold or hot; but if purpose is for psi lang edi mechanical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

give the rationale for mechanical traction

A

ICT and ILT are used to distract body parts to provide relief for compression or impingement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

give the rationale ESWT

A

continuous shocks stimulates the muscles and can destroy nodules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

give the rationale for US

A

if used in continuous mode - thermal

pulsed mode - mechanical

20
Q

what is the use of electromagnetic agents

A

apply energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation or electric current

21
Q

what are examples of EMW modalities

A

UV radiation
diathermy
laser
infrared radiation

22
Q

how is energy in EMW transmitted

A

through oscillatory motion

23
Q

what is the rationale for ES

A

use of current to induce muscle contraction, change in sensation, edema reduction and tissue healing

24
Q

examples of ES modalities

A

neuromuscular ES
TENS

25
Q

discuss the goal of physical agents in the inflammatory phase

A

1-6 days post-injury

reduce circulation, pain and enzyme activity rate

control motion and hasten healing

26
Q

discuss the goal of physical agents in the proliferation phase

A

1st 3 days until about 20 days post-injury

inc circulation, enzyme activity rate and promote collagen deposition

27
Q

discuss the goal of physical agents in the maturation phase

A

about 9 days up to 2 years post-injury

assist in remodelling by altering balance of collagen deposition nad resorption

28
Q

define pain

A

unpleasant sensory and emotional exp

29
Q

what is pain for

A

signals actual or potential injury

indicator of location and severity of damage

30
Q

explain how pain is felt

A

mostly through receptors found on skin - free nerve endings pero receptors din sa muscle, tendon or organs

31
Q

compare A-delta and C fibers in terms of neurons

A

both unipolar at DRG

32
Q

compare A-delta and C fibers in terms of diameter

A

A-delta - small

C fibers - smallest

33
Q

compare A-delta and C fibers in terms of myelination

A

A-delta - myelinated

C fibers - non myelinated

34
Q

compare A-delta and C fibers in terms of pain transmitted

A

A-delta - sharp, stabbing, pricking

C fibers - dull, throbbing, aching, burning

35
Q

compare A-delta and C fibers in terms of pain description

A

A-delta - localized (acute)

C fibers - diffusely localized (chronic)

36
Q

what are the 2 theories/systems that explain pain relief

A

gate control theory
endogenous/endorphine opioid system

37
Q

explain the gate control theory

A

modalities such as ice pack will activate the inhibitory nature of the SG therefore blocking the path way of the spinothalamic tract

no SG activation pain is rekta sa thalamus

38
Q

explain the endogenous/endorphine opioid system

A

pain is modulated by endogenous-opioids such as opiopeptins and endorphins and these are the chemical components in your blood

this has a longer lasting effect

39
Q

discuss the rationale on why thermal agents alter collagen extensibility

A

inc temp will also inc tissue extensibility therefore reducing adhesions and muscle tightness

40
Q

discuss the pathway of pain transmission

A

source sa A-delta or C fibers - DRG - sensory nerve enters dorsal gray horn - passes the interneuron at lamina 2 - deposates at anterior spinothalamic tract - exits at white matter - thalamus - enters primary somatosensory area - secondary somatosensory area

41
Q

what is the primary somatosensory area for

A

broadmans 3 1 2

detects sensation only and not yet the type (pain, vibration)

42
Q

what is the secondary somatosensory area for

A

broadmans 5 and 7

identifies what type of sensation - pain, vibration

43
Q

why is it that there is still pain despite modalities according to the gate control theory

A

kung sa A-fibers na inhibit 80% lang yung meron pa sa C fibers na dadaan na pain kaya may onti padin na ma ffeel

44
Q

how does physical agents treat motion restrictions

A

they are adjunct to treatment of motion restrictions caused by muscle weakness, pain and soft tissue shortening or bony blocks

45
Q

how does physical agents modify muscle tone motion restrictions

A

in can temporarily modify hypertonicity, hypotonicity or fluctuating tone

46
Q

general contraindications and precautions for physical agents

A

pregnancy
malignancy
pacemakers or other implanted devices
impaired sensation
impaired mentation

phys mod (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions