Intro to Psych Unit 1 pt 2

Question 1

pons (brain stem)

Answer 1

involved in sleeping, waking, dreaming and more

Question 2

medulla

Answer 2

responsible for certain autonomic functions
(ex breathing)

Question 3

reticular activating system

Answer 3

arouses higher centers when something happens and demands attention

Question 4

cerebellum (lesser brain)

Answer 4

regulates balance and movement
-if damaged, no coordination
-involved in classical conditioning and remembering simple skills
-assists in perceptual processes, working memory, speech, and language

Question 5

thalamus

Answer 5

relays sensory messages to cerebral cortex
directs sensory mesages to higher areas in charge of vision, sound, and touch

Question 6

hypothalamus

Answer 6

involved in emotions and drives vital to survival
-regulates autonomic nervous system
-keeps body in homeostasis
-regulates temperature

Question 7

pituitary gland

Answer 7

-endocrine gland
-secretes hormones
-the supervisor of the body
-reports to the hypothalamus

Question 8

amygdala

Answer 8

evaluates sensory info
-contributes to the decision to run or approach
-works with higher brain area to regulate response
-works with anxiety and depression
-retrieves emotional memories

Question 9

hippocampus

Answer 9

-key in forming new memories
-combining experiences to create one memory

Question 10

cerebrum

Answer 10

in charge of most sensory, motor, and cognitive process
-two separate halves (cerebral hemisphere)

Question 11

right hemisphere

Answer 11

in charge of the left side of the body

Question 12

left hemisphere

Answer 12

in charge of the right side of the body

Question 13

cerebral cortex

Answer 13

largely responsible for higher mental functions (sensation, memory, thought, and association)
-fissures divided in to 4 regions

Question 14

occipital lobe

Answer 14

lower back of brain
-receives visual info
-signals are processed

Question 15

parietal lobe

Answer 15

top of the brain
-contains somatosensory cortex
-recieves info on pressure, pain, touch and temp
-handless attention and awareness of spatial relationships

Question 16

temporal lobes

Answer 16

on the sides of the brain
-contain areas involved in hearing, emotion, memory, visual processing and language comprehension

Question 17

frontal lobes

Answer 17

front of the brain
-contains areas involed in movement, working memory, controlling emotions and impulses (making plans, creative thinking, empathizing with others)

Question 18

prefrontal cortex

Answer 18

-involved with reasoning, decision making, personality

Question 19

visual pathways

Answer 19

each hemisphere receives info about the opposite side of the visual field
(right and left)

Question 20

sensation

Answer 20

how do our senses take in and absorb info

Question 21

perception

Answer 21

how does our brain organize and interpret said info

Question 22

typical senses

Answer 22

sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch

Question 23

skin senses

Answer 23

hot and cold, pain

Question 24

ear sense

Answer 24

balance

Question 25

skeletal muscles sense

Answer 25

movement

Question 26

sense receptors

Answer 26

convert physical energy into electrical energy -transmitted as nerve impulses to the brain

Question 27

absolute threshold

Answer 27

smallest amount of energy detected reliably -flashes of light in a dark room

Question 28

difference threshold

Answer 28

smallest amount by which two stimuli can differ in order for someone to perceive them as different -cookies vs brownies

Question 29

inattentional blindness

Answer 29

failure to consciously register things that we are looking at due to not paying attention

Question 30

sensory adaptation

Answer 30

sensation fades, receptors fire less -filters our unimportant info

Question 31

sensory deprivation

Answer 31

absences of normal levels of sensory stimulation (too much is bad)

Question 32

sensory overload

Answer 32

too much sensory info at once -noticing everything at once

Question 33

selective attention

Answer 33

focusing on some parts and blocking out others

Question 34

stimulus for vision

Answer 34

light -reflected off items in environment

Question 35

psychological dimensions of visual world

Answer 35

hue, brightness, and saturation

Question 36

hue: color names

Answer 36

related to wavelength of light (distance between crests of light wave)

Question 37

shorter waves

Answer 37

violet and blue

Question 38

longer waves

Answer 38

red and orange

Question 39

combo of all wave lengths

Answer 39

white

Question 40

brightness: lightness

Answer 40

amount (intensity) of the light an object emits or reflects -corresponds to minimum height (amplitude) of wave

Question 41

short wavelength

Answer 41

high frequency (blueish)

Question 42

long wavelength

Answer 42

low frequency (reddish)

Question 43

great amplitude

Answer 43

bright colors

Question 44

small amplitude

Answer 44

dull colors

Question 45

saturation: colorfulness

Answer 45

how rich a color is -purity of light -complexity of light

Question 46

one wavelength

Answer 46

pure and rich looking

Question 47

black

Answer 47

unsaturated because no color

Question 48

white

Answer 48

all wavelengths, still unsaturated

Question 49

retina (visual receptors)

Answer 49

location of visual receptors, back of the eye

Question 50

rods (visual receptors)

Answer 50

visual receptors that respond to dim light

Question 51

cones (visual receptors)

Answer 51

visual receptors involved in color vision

Question 52

dark adaptation (visual receptors)

Answer 52

sensitive to dim light

Question 53

ganglion cells

Answer 53

gathers info from receptor ells through bipolar cells

Question 54

trichromatic theory

Answer 54

1st level of color processing -3 types of cones (blue, green, red) -color blindness and color defiant

Question 55

opponent process theory

Answer 55

2nd stage of color processing -occurs in ganglion cells in retina and neurons in thalamus and visual cortex -cells respond to short wavelengths and inhibited from firing by long wavelengths or vice versa

Question 56

net result

Answer 56

color code passed to higher visual cneters

Question 57

negative afterimage

Answer 57

op cells inhibited by one color produce burst of firing when color is removed or vice versa

Question 58

gestalt

Answer 58

"the whole is more than the sum of it's parts" -characteristics emerge from the whole that are not found in individual pieces

Question 59

proximity

Answer 59

things near each other other are grouped together

Question 60

closure

Answer 60

brain fills in gaps to perceive complete forms

Question 61

similarity

Answer 61

things that are alike in some way are perceived as belong together

Question 62

continuity

Answer 62

lines and patterns perceived as continuing in time and space