Intro to sono Test 1

Question 1

Changes in the direction of propagation of a sound wave transmitted across an interface where the speed of sound varies

Answer 1

Refraction

Question 2

Sound transmitted and received intermittently with one transducer

Answer 2

Pulse wave doppler

Question 3

An easy and effective way to measure heart rate, recorded as beats per minute(bpm)

Answer 3

pulse

Question 4

The amount of time the piezoelectric element vibrates after electrical stimulation

Answer 4

pulse duration

Question 5

Ability to compensate for attenuation of the transmittal beam as sound wave travels through tissue in the body

Answer 5

time gain compensation

Question 6

Convenient, noninvasive method of monitoring oxygen levels in the blood

Answer 6

oximetry

Question 7

Speed of the ultrasound wave; caused by motion between the reflector and the transducer’s beam

Answer 7

velocity

Question 8

Refers to observable and measurable signs of life

Answer 8

Vital signs

Question 9

Special material in the transducer that has the ability to convert electrical impulses into sound waves

Answer 9

crystal

Question 10

Minimum distance between two objects located side by side at which they can be displayed as separate objects

Answer 10

Lateral resolution

Question 11

One transducer continuously transmits sound, and receives sound, used in high velocity flow patterns

Answer 11

continuous wave Doppler

Question 12

Device for delivering oxygen by way of two small tubes inserted into the nostrils

Answer 12

nasal cannula

Question 13

Change in frequency of a reflected wave; caused by motion between the reflector and the transducer’s beam

Answer 13

frequency shift

Question 14

The product of the velocity of sound in a medium and the density of that medium

Answer 14

acoustic impedance

Question 15

Unit of frequency; equal to 1 cycle per second

Answer 15

hertz

Question 16

Normal pattern of vessel flow; flow in the center of the vessel is faster than it is at the edge

Answer 16

laminar Flow

Question 17

Shortness of breath of the feeling of not getting enough air, which may leave a person gasping

Answer 17

Dyapena

Question 18

Is the study of generating, propagating, and receiving sound waves

Answer 18

principle of acoustic

Question 19

unit is used to measure the intensity(strength), amplitude, and power of an ultrasound wave

Answer 19

decibel

Question 20

Any device that converts energy from one form to another

Answer 20

transducer

Question 21

____ array has a large diameter with multiple rings of focus

Answer 21

annular array

Question 22

Rate at which images are updated in the display; dependent on transducer frequency and depth selection

Answer 22

frame rate

Question 23

Analysis of the entire frequency spectrum

Answer 23

spectral analysis

Question 24

1000 HZ

Answer 24

Kilohertz

Question 25

a limit when technical artifacts that occur when the frequency change is so great that it exceeds the sampling vie

Answer 25

Nyquist

Question 26

Spontaneous breathing that stops for any reason; it may be temporary, starting and stopping at intervals, or prolonged

Answer 26

apena

Question 27

Exists when systolic pressure is above 140mmHg, while diastolic pressure remains below 90mmHg

Answer 27

Isolated systolic Hypertension

Question 28

Region over which lateral resolution is at its most accurate

Answer 28

Focal zone

Question 29

Ability of the system to accurately depict motion

Answer 29

temporal resolution

Question 30

___ array activates a limited group of adjacent elements to generate each pulse

Answer 30

linear

Question 31

Represents a national movement to recapture the respect and good will of the American public

Answer 31

Patient focused care

Question 32

Reduction in amplitude and intensity of a sound wave as it propagates through a medium

Answer 32

attenuation

Question 33

Process of inhaling and exhaling air

Answer 33

respiration

Question 34

Surface forming the boundary between media having different properties

Answer 34

interface

Question 35

Contact with or bites from an insect or animal are a type of ____ transmission

Answer 35

Vector

Question 36

The angle that the reflector path makes with the ultrasound beam is the ___

Answer 36

Doppler angle

Question 37

Surgical procedure to create an opening to allow passage of contents of the urinary bladder or bowel through the abdominal wall

Answer 37

ostomy

Question 38

___ and ___ of the medium determined how fast sound waves will travel through it

Answer 38

Stiffness, density

Question 39

The practice of giving liquid substances directly into a vein

Answer 39

intervenous therapy

Question 40

The higher number is the ____ pressure, which occurs when the ventricles contract to pump blood to the body.

Answer 40

styolic

Question 41

___ supplies electrical signals to the transducer for producing a sound beam

Answer 41

Transmitter

Question 42

Determines the strength of the pulse transmitted into the body

Answer 42

Output

Question 43

Basic infection control guidelines used to reduce the risk of infection spread through these transmission modes: airborne infection, droplet infection, and contact infection

Answer 43

Standard precaution

Question 44

Refers to the minimum distance between two structures positioned along the axis of the beam where both structures can be visualized as separate objects

Answer 44

axial

Question 45

A national standard created to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information

Answer 45

HIPPA

Question 46

____ mode displays time and movement, especially in cardiac structures

Answer 46

motion/M mode

Question 47

___ imaging provides a dynamic presentation of multiple image frames per second over selected areas of the body

Answer 47

real time

Question 48

Refers to the correct muscles to complete a task safely, efficiently, and without undue strain on any joints or muscles

Answer 48

Body mechanic

Question 49

B mode scanning technique that permits the brightness of the B-mode dots to be displayed in various shades of gray to represent different echo amplitudes

Answer 49

Gray scale

Question 50

Hospital acquired infection

Answer 50

nosocomial infection

Question 51

1,000,000Hz

Answer 51

Megahertz/Mkhz

Question 52

Amount of change in the returning frequency compared with the transmitting frequency when the sound wave hits a moving target such as blood in an artery

Answer 52

Doppler shift

Question 53

Ability of the transducer to distinguish between two structures adjacent to one another

Answer 53

resolution

Question 54

Sample site from which the signal is obtained with pulsed Doppler

Answer 54

gate

Question 55

One of the most common arrhythmia _____

Answer 55

trachyacardia/bradycardia

Question 56

Ultrasound is defined as sound frequencies beyond the upper limits of human hearing that is, greater than ____

Answer 56

20 khz

Question 57

List three qualities of a good sonographer

Answer 57

1. posses intellectual curiosity and performance 2. must have technical aptitude 3. able to communicate on different levels

Question 58

Sound is the result of mechanical energy that produces altering ____ and ____ of conducting medium as it travels as a wave

Answer 58

compression, rarefaction

Question 59

A transducer converts ____ energy into ____ energy

Answer 59

electrical, mechanical

Question 60

The time required to produce each cycle depends of the ____ of the transducer

Answer 60

frequency

Question 61

Normal transmission of sound through soft tissue travels at ____ m/sec

Answer 61

1540 m/sec

Question 62

Lateral resolution is determined by _____

Answer 62

beam width

Question 63

If the gain is set too ____ , artifactual echo noise will e displayed throughout the image

Answer 63

high

Question 64

When the Nyquist limit is exceeded, an artifact called ____ occurs

Answer 64

aliasing

Question 65

Lifting should be done using the ___ muscles, by lifting straight upward in one smooth motion.

Answer 65

leg

Question 66

The most important weapon against the spread of infection is proper___

Answer 66

hand washing

Question 67

Name 4 airborne disease:

Answer 67

TB, measles, chicken pox, shingles

Question 68

Name the 6 droplet disease:

Answer 68

mumps, measles, whooping cough, pneumonia, meningitis, strep throat

Question 69

Name one of the most serious of contact diseases

Answer 69

MRSA

Question 70

When transferring patients with IVs, sonographers should

Answer 70

never lower IV bag below level of needle insertion