The substance most often measured to determine normal kidney function is:
Creatinine.
In the average bladder, what amount of urine would cause a moderately distended sensation and the desire to void?
250ml
The mechanism for voiding begins with?
The relaxation of the internal sphincter
How does oxygenated blood enter each kidney?
Oxygenated blood enters each kidney via a renal artery
Which hormone tends to decrease the amount of urine produced?
Aldosterone
ADH
How does deoxygenated blood exit each kidney?
Deoxygenated blood exits each kidney via a renal vein
What does the urethers do?
- Carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
What are the three movements of urine?
- Peristaltic contractions
- Hydrostatic pressure
- Gravity
How is the back flow of urine prevented?
One way valves between each ureter and bladder
What are the components required to urinate?
Stimulus
Pathway
Effectors
What is the voluntary effector that enables us to control when we go to the toilet?
External sphincter - the external sphincter constricts to consciously prevent urination
What is the role of the pelvic floor muscles?
To control the external sphincter