Intro to Virology - Lec 1 (Exam I) Flashcards
A virus has DNA or RNA genome wrapped in what ?
A protein coat
“A virus is a piece of bad news wrapped up in a protein”
What are the 2 eradicated viruses ?
smallpox (humans) ; rinderpest (bovine)
Is a virus living or non-living ?
Non-living
Note: They do not posses organelles and they rely on the host cell to make energy proteins
A virus is considered:
- Obligate, extracellular
- Facultative; intracellular
- Obligate, intracellular
- All of the above
Obligate, intracellular
Note: bc they require living cells in order to be active
The term ________ represents the immature and mature stages of virus development.
Virus
The term ________ represents the mature stages of virus development.
Virion (the extracellular infection form)
The term viroid is ….
An infectious particle smaller than a virus
Note: It is an agent of plant disease; made of circular RNA molecules w/ NO protein coat or capsid.
The first method used to immunize people against small pox ..
Variolation and Innoculation
Who invented the smallpox vaccine ?
Edward Jenner
Who invented the rabies vaccine using parts of a rabbit brain ?
Louis Pasteur
Who discovered foot and mouth disease ?
Frosch and Loffler
What filter did Ivanoski used to discover the tobacco mosaic virus
The Chamberlain filter
Note: Beginning of virology
Who discovered yellow fever was spread by mosquitoes?
Reed
Who discovered oncogenic viruses ?
Rous
Who discovered the electron microscope ?
Ruska and Knowel
Who discovered the ability to cultivate viruses inside eggs ?
And what was the first virus grown?
Woodroof; Goodpasture and Bernett
Fowlpoxvirus
What are the 2 ways viruses can be grown?
- Egg propagation
2. Tissue culture
What does SARS stand for ?
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Which of the following diseases are NOT considered amongst the viruses that causes some of the deadliest diseases in humans ?
A. Ebola, Influenza, SARS
B. HIV/AIDS, Small Pox, Rabies
C. FIP, Blue Tongue, Rinderpest
C. FIP, Blue Tongue, Rinderpest
Note: These diseases are deadliest in animals and birds
In 1890s, a virus killed more than 5.2 million cattle south of the Zambezi river, Africa. Leading to starvation resulting in the death of an estimated third of the human population of Ethiopia and two-thirds of the Maasaipeople of Tanzania. Which virus was this ?
A. African Horse Sickness virus
B. African Cattle Fever virus
C. Rinderpest virus
D. Newscastle Disease virus
C. Rinderpest virus
The impact of viruses can cause a tremendous loss from the economic point of view.
True or False?
True
Note: Ebola
West Africa
$32.6 bn
Estimated by 2015
Viruses can also be zoonotic pathogens
True or False?
True
Viruses possess cellular organelles ?
True or False
False
Note: They DO NOT have cellular organelles
Which of the following statements is false ?
A. Viruses cannot make energy by themselves and have to rely on a host cell.
B. Viruses can make proteins by themselves and do not have to rely on a host cell.
C. All Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites.
D. Viruses do not have the genetic capability to multiply by division.
B. Viruses can make proteins by themselves and do not have to rely on a host cell.
Note: Viruses need living cells to grow; they cannot generate energy or proteins by themselves
