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ANACHEM LEC > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

It is a measurement science consisting of a set of powerful ideas and methods that are useful in all fields of science and medicine

A

Analytical Chemistry

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2
Q

Reveals the identity of elements and compounds in a sample

A

Qualitative

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3
Q

Indicates the amount of each substance in a sample

A

Quantitative

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4
Q

Components of a sample that are to be determined

A

Analytes

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5
Q

Results of a typical quantitative analysis are computed from two measurements:

A
  1. Mass or the volume

2. Quantity that is proportional

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6
Q

These are Quantity that is proportional

A

Mass, volume, intensity of light, electrical charge

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7
Q

Analytical method according to mass of the analyte or some compound chemically related to it

A

Gravimetric

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8
Q

Analytical method according to the nature of the volume of a solution containing suffcient reagent to react completely with the analyte

A

Volumetric Method

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9
Q

Analytical method which invloves electrical properties such as voltage, current, resistance and quantity of electrical charge

A

Electroanalytical methods

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10
Q

Analytical method that is based

Measurement of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and analyte atoms

A

Spectroscopc Method

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11
Q

In the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis:

What happens when the sample is soluble?

A

Proceed to the question: is it measurable property

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12
Q

In the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis:

What should you do if the property of sample is measurable?

A

Eliminate interferences

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13
Q

In the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis:

What should you do if the sample is not soluble ?

A

Carry out chemical dissolution

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14
Q

In the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis:

What should you do after you carry out chemical dissolution?

A

Know whether is it a measurable property

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15
Q

In the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis:

What should you do if the property of sample is not measurable?

A

Change the chemical form then eliminate the interferences

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16
Q

These are the first 3 steps in the flow diagram showing the steps in a quantitative analysis

A

Select method
Acquire sample
Process sample

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17
Q

It is the first question to be considered in the selection process of picking a method

A

Level of accuracy is required

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18
Q

In picking a method, It is the second consideration related to economic factors.

A

Number of samples to be analyzed

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19
Q

It influences the choice of method to some degree in picking a method

A

Complexity of the sample and the number of components in the sample

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20
Q

It invloves obtaining a small mass of material whose composition accurately represents the bulk of the material being sampled

A

Sampling

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21
Q

The most difficult step in an analysis and it is the source of greatest error

A

Sampling

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22
Q

A material is known as _________ if its constituent parts can be distinguished visually or the aid of a microscope

A

Heterogenous

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23
Q

It is the process of determining how much of a given sample is the material indicated by its name

A

Assay

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24
Q

We analyze________ and we determine _____________

A

Sample and substances

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25
Q

No sample processing is required prior to the ______________ step

A

Measurement

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26
Q

We must process the sample in _______________ ways

A

Variety of different

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27
Q

A solid sample is _______ and ______ to ensure homogeneity

A

Ground and mixed

28
Q

Sample should be ________for various length of time before analysis begins

A

Stored

29
Q

Because of loss or gain of water it changes the composition of solids, it is a good idea to _______ samples before starting an analysis

A

Dry

30
Q

The ___________of the sample can be determined at the time of the analysis in a separate analytical procedure

A

Moisture content

31
Q

Liquid samples are subject to ______________

A

Solvent evaporation

32
Q

If the analyte is a gas dissolved in liquid, analyte must be kept inside __________________ to prevent contamination by ___________________ gases

A

Second sealed, atmospheric

33
Q

Extraordinary measures, including sample manipulation and measurement in an inert atmosphere, may be required to preserve the _____________ of the sample

A

Integrity

34
Q

Portions of a material of approximately the same size carried through analytical procedure at the same time and same way

A

Replicate samples

35
Q

Provides reliability of the experiment and it has atleast 3 same results

A

Replicate sample

36
Q

Replication improves what?

A

Quality of result and reliability

37
Q

How does a solvent disolve the entire sample including the analyte

A

Rapidly and completely

38
Q

The sample may require ___________ with aquaous solution

A

Heating

39
Q

It may be necessary to _______ the sample in all or oxygen to perform a high-temperature fusion of the sample in the presence of various fluxes

A

Ignite

40
Q

Species other than the analyte that affect the final measurement is called?

A

Interferences or interferents

41
Q

Species that cause an error in analysis by enhancing or attenuating the quantity being measured

A

Interference

42
Q

Tecniques or reaction that work for only one analyte are said to be _________

A

Specific

43
Q

Techniques or reactions that apply for only a few analytes are____________

A

Selective

44
Q

It is all of the components in the sample containing analyte

A

Matrix or sample matrix

45
Q

Measurement of the property is ___________ to the concentration

A

Directly proportional

46
Q

Process of determining the proportionality between analyte concentration and a measured quantity

A

Calibration

47
Q

Computing analyte concentrations are based on

A

Raw experimental data

48
Q

Where can you collect raw experimental data?

A

Measurement step, instruments and stoichiometry of the reaction

49
Q

The analytical results are incomplete without an estimate of ________

A

Reliability

50
Q

Analytical results without an estimate of reliabilty is

A

No value

51
Q

It is the first step in a feedback control system

A

Start control system

52
Q

After you start the contro system what should you determine?

A

Desired state or the normal values

53
Q

After you determine the desired state what should you do?

A

Measure the actual state

54
Q

After measuring the actual state what should you do?

A

Display results

55
Q

After displaying the results what should you do next?

A

Verify if the desired state actual

56
Q

If the desired state is actual what shoul you do next?

A

Delay, try to make sure that it works

57
Q

If the desired state is not actual what should you do?

A

Repeat the process and change control quantity

58
Q

Process of continous measurement and control

A

Feedback system

59
Q

Cycle of measurement, comparison and control

A

Feedback loop

60
Q

Standardized system of unit

A

International System of Units (SI)

61
Q

SI is the acronym for the french word?

A

Systeme international d’unites

62
Q

This unit is widely used to express wavelength

A

Angstrom

63
Q

Number of moles of solute species in one liter of solution

A

Molar concentration

64
Q

Dimension of molarity

A

Mol L^-1

65
Q

Gives the total number of moles of a solutein 1L of the solution

A

Analytical molarity

66
Q

Express the molar concentration of a paricular species in a solution

A

Equilibrium molarity

ANACHEM LEC (4 decks)

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