Introduction Flashcards
1st person to actually see living microorganisms
He described live microorganisms that he observed in teeth scrapings rain water, and peppercorn i flusions
Antoni van leeuwenhoek 1674
He showed a silkworm disease was caused by fungus.
Agostino bassi
Pasteur believed that another silkworm disease was caused by:
A protozoan
Advocated
What are the microorganisms
They are organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
Germ refers to:
A rapidly growing cell
What are the three domains of microorganisms:
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
He established the system of scientific nomenclature:
Carolus linnaeus (1735)
Each organism has two names:
The genus and specfic epithet.
The names are italicized or under lined:
The genus is capitalized and the specific epithet is lower case.
Contributed best in microbiology
Sterilization
Hot air oven, Autoclav, anthrax vaccin, Rabies vaccin and built the pasteur institute
Louis pasteur
A german scientist Formulated the bacteriological techniques, staining methods and discovered the mycobacterium and vibrio cholera
Robert koch (1843 -1910)
Summary of diff b/w prokaryote and eukaryote
Page 10
Prokaryotic cells are about …… times ……. than eukaryotic cells
10, smaller
Reproduction of prokaryotic cells is by :
Binary fission
What is the binary fission?
Simple division of one cell into two cells, after DNA replication and the formation of a separating membrane and cell wall.
Bacteria take energy from:
Using organic chemicals, inroganic chemicals or photosythesis
The structure of bacterial cell wall:
Macromolecular polymer known as peptidoglycan (murein)
Consisting of many polysaccharide chain linked together by small peptide (protein) chains
The main constituent of most bacterial cell wall:
Peptidoglycan (murein)
……… is only found in bacterial cell wall
Peptidoglycan
Diff b/w gram+ and gram- cell wall:
The cell wall of gram+ have a thick layer of peptidoglycan combined with teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid molecule.
The wall of gram- have a much thinner layer but this layer is covered with a complex layer of lipid macromolecule (capsule).
What is the teichoic acid?
It is a polymer of ribitol or glycerol phosphate.
The term growth in microorganisms refers to:
Change in total population,rather than increase in size or mass of individual organisms
