Introduction

Question 1

what is nutrition?

Answer 1

the science of how nutrients and compounts in foods nourish the body, affect the body’s functions and impact overall health

Question 2

what are nutrients?

Answer 2

compounts in foods that provide essential elements of body components or support/sustain body processes

Question 3

what is a major macronutrient?

Answer 3

a nutrient that provides energy/calories and is eaten in larger quantities

Question 4

what are the 3 major macronutrients?

Answer 4

• carbohydrates
• proteins
• fats

Question 5

what are micronutrients?

Answer 5

nutrients that dont supply energy/calories and are eaten in smaller quanities

Question 6

what are considered micronutrients?

Answer 6

• vitamins
• minerals

Question 7

what are dietary patterns?

Answer 7

a combination of foods/ways of eating

Question 8

what are social determinants of health?

Answer 8

aspects of ones life and how they affect ones health/nutrition

Question 9

what is the idea of adequacy?

Answer 9

eating enough food/calories and meeting daily nutritional needs

Question 10

what is the idea of balance in nutrition?

Answer 10

eating the right amoung of calories/nutrients

Question 11

what is the idea of variety?

Answer 11

eating a large array of foods and eating different sources of foods that supply the same nutrients

Question 12

what is the idea of moderation?

Answer 12

satiating your body enough

Question 13

what is a kilocalorie?

Answer 13

measure of energy that equates to 1000 calories

Question 14

what is an essential nutrient?

Answer 14

a nutrient that the body needs to survive but cant produce on its own

Question 15

what is a nonessential nutrient?

Answer 15

a nutrient that the body can produce on its own

Question 16

how many calories are there in 1 gram of carbohydrate?

Answer 16

4 kcal

Question 17

how many calories are there in 1 gram of protein?

Answer 17

4 kcals

Question 18

how many calories are there in 1 gram of alcohol?

Answer 18

7 kcals

Question 19

how many calories are in 1 gram of dietary fat?

Answer 19

9 kcal

Question 20

what is nutrient density?

Answer 20

a measure of the nutrients in a food compared to the kcal content

Question 21

what is energy density?

Answer 21

the measure of kcals in a food compared to the weight of the food

Question 22

what are the different dietary reference intakes?

Answer 22

• estimated average requirement (EAR)
• recommended dietary allowance (RDA)
• tolerable upper limit (UL)
• adequate intake (AI)
• acceptable macronutrient distrubution range (AMDR)

Question 23

what is the estimated average requirement?

Answer 23

the amount of a nutrient that meets optimalof health individuals in a group

Question 24

what is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA)?

Answer 24

the daily amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of nearly all individuals in a group

Question 25

what is the tolerable upper limit (UL)?

Answer 25

the maximum daily amount considered safe for a group of similar individuals

Question 26

what is the adquate intake DRI?

Answer 26

the approximate daily amount sufficient to meet daily needs for individuals in a group; used when there is sufficient evidence

Question 27

what is the acceptable macronutrient distribution range DRI?

Answer 27

a recommended range of intakes for macronutrients as % of total daily kcals

Question 28

what is the AMDR for carbohydrates?

Answer 28

45-65% of daily kcals

Question 29

what is the AMDR for fats?

Answer 29

20-35% of daily kcals

Question 30

what is the AMDR for proteins?

Answer 30

10-35% of daily kcals

Question 31

what is the first US dietary guidline?

Answer 31

follow a healthy dietary pattern across the lifespan

Question 32

what is the second US dietary guidline?

Answer 32

customize and enjoy food and beverages to reflect personal preferences, cultural traditions, and budgetary considerations

Question 33

what is the third US dietary guideline?

Answer 33

focus on meeting food group needs with nutrient dense food and beverages

Question 34

what is the fourth US dietary guideline?

Answer 34

limit added sugars, saturated fats, sodium, and alcoholic beverages

Question 35

according to the US dietary guidlines, what is the guideline for added sugars?

Answer 35

should account for less than 10% of daily kcals; avoid if under the age of 2

Question 36

according to the US dietary guidlines, what is the guidline for sodium?

Answer 36

less than 2,300 mg/day

Question 37

according to the US dietary guidelines, what is the guideline for saturated fat?

Answer 37

should account for less than 10% of daily kcals

Question 38

according to the US dietary guidelines, what is the guideline for alcoholic beverages?

Answer 38

less than 2 drinks/day for men and 1 drink/day for women of legal drinking age

Question 39

which nutrients are required to be placed on a food label?

Answer 39

* total kcals * total fat (g) * saturated fat + trans fat * cholestrol * sodium * total carbohydrates * dietary fiber * total sugars + added sugars * protein * calcium * vitamin D * iron * potassium

Question 40

which department regulates nutrition labels?

Answer 40

the US food and drug administration (FDA)

Question 41

which department regulats meat and poultry?

Answer 41

the US department of agriculture

Question 42

what is the exchange system?

Answer 42

a meal/diet planning tool used to create meal plans based on food groups according to carbohydrate, protein, and fat content

Question 43

what are the six food groups in the exchange system?

Answer 43

* starch * fruit * milk * vegetables * meat * fat