Introduction

Question 1

Define systemic anatomy

Answer 1

studying the body by systems

Question 2

Define regional anatomy

Answer 2

study of the body by regions

Question 3

Define clinical anatomy

Answer 3

looks at the importance of structure and function related to the practice of medicine

Question 4

Define surface anatomy

Answer 4

visualization of structures beneath the skin

Question 5

What are the levels of structural organization?

Answer 5

(smallest to largest) Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 6

Define anatomy

Answer 6

The study of body structures

Question 7

Define gross anatomy

Answer 7

study of the large parts of the body

Question 8

Define microanatomy

Answer 8

study of microscopic structures

Question 9

Define cytology

Answer 9

the study of cells

Question 10

Define tissues

Answer 10

groups of cells that share a common function

Question 11

Define physiology

Answer 11

study of how the body functions

Question 12

Define homeostasis

Answer 12

the maintenance of a relatively steady internal environment

Question 13

Define organ systems

Answer 13

Groups of organs that share a function and work together to maintain the organism

Question 14

List the organ systems of the human body

Answer 14

Respiratory, cardiovascular, reproductive (male and female), lymphatic, endocrine, nervous, skeletal, muscular, integumentary, urinary, digestive

Question 15

Which organs make up the integumentary system?

Answer 15

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands

Question 16

Which organs make up the skeletal system?

Answer 16

Bones, cartilages, ligaments, bone marrow

Question 17

Which organs make up the muscular system?

Answer 17

Muscles, tendons

Question 18

Which organs make up the nervous system?

Answer 18

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sensory organs

Question 19

Which organs make up the endocrine system?

Answer 19

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads (testes/ovaries), endocrine tissues in other systems

Question 20

Which organs make up the cardiovascular system?

Answer 20

Heard, blood, blood vessels

Question 21

Which organs make up the lymphatic system?

Answer 21

Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils

Question 22

Which organs make up the respiratory system?

Answer 22

Nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Question 23

Which organs make up the digestive system?

Answer 23

Teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 24

Which organs make up the urinary system?

Answer 24

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 25

Which organs make up the male reproductive system?

Answer 25

Testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, scrotum

Question 26

Which organs make up the female reproductive system?

Answer 26

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands

Question 27

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 27

Defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

Question 28

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 28

Delivers air to alveoli, gives oxygen to bloodstream, removes carbon dioxide from bloodstream, provides sounds for communication

Question 29

What are the functions of the digestive system?

Answer 29

Processes and digests food, absorbs and conserves water, absorbs nutrients, stores energy reserves

Question 30

What are the functions of the urinary system?

Answer 30

Excretes waste products from the blood, controls water balance, stores urine, regulates pH and blood ion concentration

Question 31

What are the functions of the male reproductive system?

Answer 31

Produces male sex cells (sperm) and hormones

Question 32

What are the functions of the female reproductive system?

Answer 32

Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones, supports developing embryo, provides milk for infant

Question 33

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 33

Protection from environment, regulation of body temperature, provides sensory information

Question 34

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 34

Provides support and protection, stores calcium, forms blood cells

Question 35

What are the functions of the muscular system?

Answer 35

Movement, provides protection and support, generates heat

Question 36

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Answer 36

Directs responses to stimuli, coordinates body activities, provides and interprets sensory information

Question 37

What are the functions of the endocrine system?

Answer 37

Directs long-term changes in other organ systems, adjusts metabolism and energy use, controls developmental changes

Question 38

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 38

Standing erect with arms at side and palms facing forward, toes and eyes are also pointing forward

Question 39

When is an individual supine?

Answer 39

When laying on their back in the anatomical position

Question 40

When is an individual prone?

Answer 40

When lying face down in the anatomical position

Question 41

Superior

Answer 41

above

Question 42

Inferior

Answer 42

below

Question 43

Anterior

Answer 43

front of, forward

Question 44

Posterior

Answer 44

back of, behind

Question 45

Dorsal

Answer 45

the back

Question 46

Ventral

Answer 46

the belly

Question 47

Cephalic

Answer 47

head

Question 48

Cranial

Answer 48

head

Question 49

Caudal

Answer 49

tail

Question 50

Medial

Answer 50

closer to the midline; permanently between other structures

Question 51

Lateral

Answer 51

farther from the midline; permanently to the side of another structure

Question 52

Midline

Answer 52

the vertical middle of the body or any structure in the body

Question 53

Proximal

Answer 53

near the point of attachment

Question 54

Distal

Answer 54

far from the point of attachment

Question 55

Superficial

Answer 55

on or close to the surface

Question 56

Deep

Answer 56

far from the surface

Question 57

Answer 57

Left hypochondriac region

Question 58

Answer 58

left inguinal (iliac) region

Question 59

Answer 59

left lumbar region

Question 60

Answer 60

left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Question 61

Answer 61

left upper quadrant (LUQ)

Question 62

Answer 62

right hypochondriac region

Question 63

Answer 63

right inguinal (iliac) region

Question 64

Answer 64

right lumbar region

Question 65

Answer 65

right lower quadrant (RLQ)

Question 66

Answer 66

right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Question 67

Answer 67

umbilical region

Question 68

Answer 68

epigastric region

Question 69

Answer 69

hypogastric region