Introduction

Question 1

Name some of the functions of the urinary system

Answer 1

Removes metabolic waste
Regulates plasma electrolytes & BP
Stabilizes pH
Produces erythropoietin

Question 2

At what level do the kidneys lie?

Answer 2

T12-L3

Question 3

How are the kidneys peritonised?

Answer 3

retroperitonised

Question 4

What organs lie in front of the right kidney?

Answer 4

Suprarenal gland
Liver
Colon
Small intestine

Question 5

Name the different coverings of the kidney

Answer 5

Renal capsule
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Pararenal fat

Question 6

In what part of the kidney is the glomeruli found?

Answer 6

Cortex

Question 7

What structure is found in the medulla?

Answer 7

Loop of Henle

Collecting duct

Question 8

Name the structures found in the medulla… pyramids..

Answer 8

Papilla
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Pelvis 
Ureter

Question 9

Where are the 3 constrictions of the ureters?

Answer 9

Pelviureteric junction
Pelvic brim
Vesicoureteric junction

Question 10

What are the structures of the hilum of the kidney?

Answer 10

Vein
Artery
Pelvis

Question 11

How many segmental branches are there of the renal artery?

Answer 11

5

Question 12

Name the 4 different areas on the anterior aspect of the kidney..

Answer 12

Anterior
Anteriosuperior
Anteroinferior
Inferior

Question 13

Name the single aspect on the posterior surface of the kidney

Answer 13

Posterior

Question 14

Where do the renal veins drain into?

Answer 14

IVC

Question 15

What lymph nodes drain the kidneys?

Answer 15

Lateral aortic lymph nodes

Question 16

What are the name of the arteries which delineate the cortex & medulla?

Answer 16

Arcuate vessels

Question 17

What is the innervation of the kidneys?

Answer 17

T12-L1 (sympathetic)

Question 18

How is the bladder peritonised?

Answer 18

Superiorly

Question 19

What is the name of the peritonsed pouch found anterior to the rectum?

Answer 19

Pouch of Douglas

Recto-uterine pouch

Question 20

What nerve controls the external urethral sphincter?

Answer 20

Pudental nerve (S2-4)
VOLUNTARY

Question 21

How is the detrusor muscle innervated during micturition?

Answer 21

Parasympathetic innervation via pelvic splanchnic nerves

Contracts detrusor muscle & relaxes the internal urethral sphincter

Question 22

What are the 4 areas of the male urethra?

Answer 22

Preprostatic
Prostatic
Membranous
Penile

Question 23

What is the longest area of the male urethra?

Answer 23

Penile

Question 24

What is the widest area of the male urethra?

Answer 24

Preprostatic

Question 25

What is the narrowest area of the male urethra?

Answer 25

Membranous

Question 26

What innervates the internal urethral sphincter during ejaculation?

Answer 26

Sympathetic innervation

Question 27

What joins the prostatic urethra?

Answer 27

Ejaculation duct

Question 28

What drains in to the ejacuation duct?

Answer 28

Seminal vesicles | Vas deferens

Question 29

What composes the nephron?

Answer 29

Renal corpuscle | Renal tubule

Question 30

What composes the renal corpuscle?

Answer 30

Glomeruli | Bowmans capsule

Question 31

What composes the uriniferous tubule?

Answer 31

Nephron | Collecting duct

Question 32

Where is the Loop of Henle found?

Answer 32

Medulla

Question 33

Where is the renal corpuscle found?

Answer 33

Cortex

Question 34

What cell type composes the bladder & ureters?

Answer 34

Squamous transitional epithelium

Question 35

What tissue type composes the bladder?

Answer 35

Smooth muscle

Question 36

What investigations test kidney function?

Answer 36

Urinanalysis (Protein, blood & glucose) | U & Es (urea & creatinine)