Introduction to Bioinformatics

Question 1

What is the brief definition of bioinformatics?

Answer 1

Biology + Information technology

Question 2

Bioinformatics allow for the ______________, ______________, ______________, and ______________ of data using software tools

Answer 2

Storage, retrieval, analysis, and interpretation

Question 3

Bioinformatics was first coiled in the 1960s as?

Answer 3

The study of information process in biotic systems

Question 4

Bioinformatics is a developed program that is designed to determine the ______________.

Answer 4

Primary protein structures

Question 5

______________ were represented in three-letter abbreviations.

Answer 5

Amino acid sequences

Question 6

What were the main events during the 1970s?

Answer 6

• DNA sequences began to accumulate slowly in literature
• Translating sequence genes
• Sanger sequencing

Question 7

What is Sanger sequencing?

Answer 7

Chain termination sequencing

Question 8

What were the main events during the 1980s?

Answer 8

• Establishment of the GenBank
• Management and analysis

Question 9

What are the three components of bioinformatics?

Answer 9

1. DNA
2. Database
3. Database mining (bioinformatics tools)

Question 10

What type of data are included in bioinformatics?

Answer 10

1. DNA sequences
2. Protein sequences
3. Protein structures

Question 11

What are the two types of database?

Answer 11

Primary and secondary

Question 12

This type of database contains original and unprocessed biological data.

Answer 12

Primary database

Question 13

Primary databases are used as a reference for ______________ and ______________.

Answer 13

Genome analysis; comparison

Question 14

Primary databases are used as a reference for ______________ and ______________.

Answer 14

Genome analysis; comparison

Question 15

______________ is analyzed to understand differently expressed genes and understand gene expression.

Answer 15

Transcriptomic data

Question 16

This type of primary database includes information about genes and proteins.

Answer 16

GenBank

Question 17

What does EMBL stand for?

Answer 17

European Molecular Biology Laboratory

Question 18

What are the main objectives of EMBL?

Answer 18

• Storage and distribution of nucleotide and protein sequences
• Provide tools and researches for researchers for analyzing data
• Generation of phylogenetic trees
• Bioinformatics analysis
• Data mining tools

Question 19

What does DDBJ stand for?

Answer 19

DNA Data Bank of Japan

Question 20

What are the main objectives of DDBJ?

Answer 20

• Collecting and exchanging nucleotide sequence data
• Managing bioinformatics tools for data submission and retrieval
• Organizing bioinformatics courses in Japanese to teach people how to analyze data
• Retrieval and analysis of sequences
• Statistical analysis
• Data mining tools

Question 21

This type of database contains information that has already been processed and curated.

Answer 21

Secondary Database

Question 22

What are the three bioinformatics tools?

Answer 22

1. Sequence analysis
2. Structural analysis
3. Functional analysis

Question 23

The database mining and bioinformatics tools are categorized based on __________, __________, and __________.

Answer 23

Functionality; purpose; complexity

Question 24

This is used to analyze nucleotide/protein sequences and identify homologous sequences.

Answer 24

Sequence Analysis

Question 25

This helps understand evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Answer 25

Sequence Analysis

Question 26

This is essential for understanding functions and relationships between different genes and proteins.

Answer 26

Functional Analysis

Question 27

This helps identify key pathways involved in certain diseases.

Answer 27

Functional Analysis