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Introduction To Databases Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

Data

A

Data is numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems

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2
Q

Analog

A

historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations or various physical media

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3
Q

Digital

A

Digitally encoded as zeros, and ones on electronic and magnetic media

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4
Q

Database

A

Collection of data in a structured format.

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5
Q

Database System, Database management system, DBMS

A

Software that reads and writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.

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6
Q

Query Language

A

Specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems

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7
Q

Database application

A

Software that helps business users interact with database systems.

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8
Q

Database administrator

A

Database admin is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. DB admin also enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.

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9
Q

database designer

A

Determines format of each data element and overall database structure. DB Designer must balance several priorities, including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the data.

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10
Q

Database Programmer

A

Database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database

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11
Q

Database User

A

Consumer of data in a database. Database users request, update or use stored data to generate reports or information.

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12
Q

Transacation

A

Group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole.

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13
Q

Architecture

A

Architecture of a database system describes the internal components and the relationships between components

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14
Q

Query Processor

A

Query processor interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and return’s query results to the application.

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15
Q

Query Optimization

A

Query processor performs query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data

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16
Q

Storage manager

A

Translate the query processor instructions into low-level-file-system commands that modify or retrieve data

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17
Q

Indexes

A

Storage Manager uses indexes to quickly locate data

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18
Q

Transaction Manager

A

Transaction manager ensure transactions are properly executed

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19
Q

Log

A

Log file containing a complete record of all inserts’, updates, and delete processed by the database.

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20
Q

Catalog/Data dictionary

A

Dictionary of tables, columns, indexes, and other database objects

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21
Q

Relational Database

A

Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet

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22
Q

SQL

A

Structured Query Language and includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and administer the database system

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23
Q

Big Data

A

Growth of the internet generated massive volumes of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.

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24
Q

NoSQL

A

Newer, non-relational systems are called NOSQL, for Not Only SQL, and are optimized for big data.

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25
Open Source
Software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no licensing fee.
26
Query
Command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from a database
27
Query Language
Computer programming language for writing database queries
28
CRUD
Four Common queries sometimes referred to as CRUD operations, acronym for Create, Read, Update, and Delete data
29
Statement
SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data
30
Insert
Inserst rows into a tables
31
Select
Retrieves data from a table
32
Update
Modifies data in a table
33
Delete
Deletes rows in a table
34
Create Table
Statement creates a new table by specifying the table and column names
35
Data Type
Every column is assigned a datatype that indicates the format of column values. Data type can be numeri, Textual, or complex
36
Database Design
Specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types, and indexes. Database design also refers to the process used to develop the specification
37
Analysis
Analysis phase specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system
38
ER Diagrams
Entities, relationships, and attributes are depicted in ER diagrams.
39
Logical design
Phase that implements database requirements in a specific database system
40
Key
Key is a column used to identify individual rows of a table
41
Table Diagram
Logical design is depicted in a table Diagram
42
Schema
Logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table diagram
43
Physical Design
Phase that adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on storage media
44
Data independence
Principle that physical design never affects query results
45
API/Application programming interface
Library of procedures or classes that links a host programing language to a database
46
MySQL
Leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle
47
MySQL Community
MySQL server free edition
48
MySQL Enterprise
Paid edition for managing commercial databses
49
Root Account
Administrative account that has full control of MySQL
50
MySQL Command Line Client
Text interface included in the MySQL Server download. It allows developers to connect to the database server, perform administrative functions, and execute SQL statements.
51
Error Code
MySQL returns an error code and description when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.
52
MySQL Workbench
Workbench is installed alongside MySQL server and allows developers to execute SQL commands using an editor.
53
Data is numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems
Data
54
historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations or various physical media
Analog
55
Digitally encoded as zeros, and ones on electronic and magnetic media
Digital
56
Collection of data in a structured format.
Database
57
Software that reads and writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.
Database System, Database management system, DBMS
58
Specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems
Query Language
59
Software that helps business users interact with database systems.
Database application
60
Database admin is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. DB admin also enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
Database administrator
61
Determines format of each data element and overall database structure. DB Designer must balance several priorities, including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the data.
database designer
62
Database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database
Database Programmer
63
Consumer of data in a database. Database users request, update or use stored data to generate reports or information.
Database User
64
Group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole.
Transacation
65
Architecture of a database system describes the internal components and the relationships between components
Architecture
66
Query processor interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and return's query results to the application.
Query Processor
67
Query processor performs query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data
Query Optimization
68
Translate the query processor instructions into low-level-file-system commands that modify or retrieve data
Storage manager
69
Storage Manager uses indexes to quickly locate data
Indexes
70
Transaction manager ensure transactions are properly executed
Transaction Manager
71
Log file containing a complete record of all inserts', updates, and delete processed by the database.
Log
72
Dictionary of tables, columns, indexes, and other database objects
Catalog/Data dictionary
73
Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet
Relational Database
74
Structured Query Language and includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and administer the database system
SQL
75
Growth of the internet generated massive volumes of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.
Big Data
76
Newer, non-relational systems are called NOSQL, for Not Only SQL, and are optimized for big data.
NoSQL
77
Software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no licensing fee.
Open Source
78
Command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from a database
Query
79
Computer programming language for writing database queries
Query Language
80
Four Common queries sometimes referred to as CRUD operations, acronym for Create, Read, Update, and Delete data
CRUD
81
SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data
Statement
82
Inserst rows into a tables
Insert
83
Retrieves data from a table
Select
84
Modifies data in a table
Update
85
Deletes rows in a table
Delete
86
Statement creates a new table by specifying the table and column names
Create Table
87
Every column is assigned a datatype that indicates the format of column values. Data type can be numeri, Textual, or complex
Data Type
88
Specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types, and indexes. Database design also refers to the process used to develop the specification
Database Design
89
Analysis phase specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system
Analysis
90
Entities, relationships, and attributes are depicted in ER diagrams.
ER Diagrams
91
Phase that implements database requirements in a specific database system
Logical design
92
Key is a column used to identify individual rows of a table
Key
93
Logical design is depicted in a table Diagram
Table Diagram
94
Logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table diagram
Schema
95
Phase that adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on storage media
Physical Design
96
Principle that physical design never affects query results
Data independence
97
Library of procedures or classes that links a host programing language to a database
API/Application programming interface
98
Leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle
MySQL
99
MySQL server free edition
MySQL Community
100
Paid edition for managing commercial databses
MySQL Enterprise
101
Administrative account that has full control of MySQL
Root Account
102
Text interface included in the MySQL Server download. It allows developers to connect to the database server, perform administrative functions, and execute SQL statements.
MySQL Command Line Client
103
MySQL returns an error code and description when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.
Error Code
104
Workbench is installed alongside MySQL server and allows developers to execute SQL commands using an editor.
MySQL Workbench

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