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Pharmacology > Introduction to drug action > Flashcards

Introduction to drug action Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

The study of drugs, how they work, what they are and what they do

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2
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

What a drug does to the body - the biological effects and mechanisms of action

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3
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

What the body does to a drug - absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion of drugs and their metabolites

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4
Q

What is a medicine?

A

A chemical preparation containing one or more drugs used with the intention of a therapeutic effect. For a drug to be useful, it must act selectively

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5
Q

How do drugs act?

A

Drugs act by binding specifically to target molecules - receptor and ligand lock and key theory

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6
Q

What are regulatory proteins that drugs bind to?

A 
Enzymes
Carrier molecules (transporters and pumps
Ion channels
Receptors 
RNA
DNA
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7
Q

What is an agonist?

A

A drug that binds to a receptor to produce a cellular response

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8
Q

What is an antagonist?

A

A drug that blocks the action of an agonist bu binding to the same receptor

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9
Q

What two features do agonists have?

A

Affinity and Efficacy

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10
Q

What determines affinity?

A

The chemical bonds between a ligand and its receptor

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11
Q

What is efficacy?

A

The ability of an agonist to evoke a cellular response

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12
Q

What 2 features do antagonists have?

A

Affinity but lack efficacy

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13
Q

What is the relationship between concentration and response on a linear plot?

A

Hyperbolic

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14
Q

What is EC50?

A

The concentration of agonist that elicits a half maximal response

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15
Q

What is the relationship between concentration and response on a semi-logarithmic plot?

A

Sigmoidal

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16
Q

What is competitive antagonism?

A

The binding of an agonist and antagonist occur at the same (orthosteric) site and is thus competitive and mutually exclusive

17
Q

What is non-competitive antagonism?

A

The agonist binds to the orthosteric site and the antagonist binds to a separate allosteric site and is thus non competitive

18
Q

What effect does competitive antagonist have on a graph of response against concentration?

A

Parallel rightward shift of the agonist concentration response curve with no depression of the maximal response

19
Q

What effect does non-

competitive antagonist have on a graph of response against concentration?

A

Depresses the slope and maximum of the concentration response curve but does not cause a rightward shift

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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