Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology > Introduction to Microbiology > Flashcards

Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

A branch of biology which deals with the study of living organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

A

MICROBIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A branch of medical science which deals with the study of medically important microorganisms specifically their role in human diseases which includes diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases.

A

MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A branch of medical microbiology that focuses on laboratory identification of medically important bacteria by phenotypical and genotypical characterization including antibiotic susceptibility testing.

A

DIAGNOSTIC BACTERIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Very simple microbes consisting of nucleic acid, a few proteins, and (in some) a lipid envelope.

A

VIRUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

With both RNA and DNA, metabolic machinery for self-replication, and a complex cell wall structure.

A

BACTERIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simple unicellular organisms.

A

PROKARYOTIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subdivided into single-celled organisms (yeasts) or multi-celled organisms (molds), with a few medically important members existing in both forms (dimorphic fungi).

A

FUNGI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Exist as either yeast or as a mold.

A

MONOMORPHIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Can be both yeast and mold.

A

DIMORPHIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subdivided into single-celled organisms (protozoa) or multi-celled organisms (worms and bugs).

A

PARASITE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Disease causing microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and viruses. Capable of causing diseases.

A

PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Refers to an organism that will cause disease in a healthy host.

A

TRUE PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Refers to organisms that will cause disease in an immunocompromised host. Immune system was compromised. Immunity is low. Opportunity to cause infection.

A

OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Refers to the ability of an organisms to cause disease in a host organism.

A

PATHOGENICITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Refers to the degree of pathogenicity, the power by which a pathogen can cause severe disease.

A

VIRULENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Refers to any feature of bacteria (genetic, biochemical, or structural features) that enable a pathogen to cause disease in a host organism.

A

PATHOGENIC DETERMINANTS/VIRULENCE FACTORS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False

Not all Streptococcus strain have a capsule structure.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False

Not all Staphylococcus have protein a.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Refers to the entry , invasion and multiplication of pathogens in or on to the host body system which results to subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease.

A

INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Infection arising from colonizing flora (also known as indigenous flora, resident flora, microbiota, normal flora)

A

ENDOGENOUS INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Infection arising from invading pathogen from the external environment.

A

EXOGENOUS INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rapid/sudden onset of signs and symptoms which are usually severe to fatal that may lead to death.

A

ACUTE INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Gradual onset of signs and symptoms that are usually mild to moderate that may progress to long standing infection.

A

CHRONIC INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Infection acquired during hospitalization, acquire it from the hospital, from the patient, equipment.

A

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Is an animal diseases which can spread to humans, animal acquired infection.

A

ZOONOTIC INFECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

No obvious appearance of signs and symptoms and the person is unaware of the infection.

A

SUBCLINICAL/ASYMPTOMATIC/NONAPPARRENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Associated with presence of overt signs and symptoms of the disease.

A

CLINICAL/SYMPTOMATIC/APPARENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

An altered health state in an infected host.

A

DISEASE

29
Q

Is an illness caused by pathogen which invades body tissues and causes damage.

A

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

30
Q

Is an infectious disease that is capable of spreading from person to person.

A

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

31
Q

Refers to any subjective evidence of disease. These are usually perception of the patient having the disease, such as headache, dizziness, etc.

A

SYMPTOM

32
Q

Refers to readily observable evidence of disease. These are usually physical manifestation of the disease such as rashes, bleeding, etc.

A

SIGNS

33
Q

Bacteria that are in or on different sites of the body that usually do not harm the host unless the host defense is compromised.

A

NORMAL FLORA

34
Q

Refers to the establishment of substantial number of microorganisms usually in the skin or mucosa but there’s no penetration of the tissues.

A

COLONIZATION

35
Q

What causes Bubonic Plague

A

Yersinia spp.

36
Q

Represent the first recorded epidemic

A

PESTILENCE AND PLAGUE

37
Q

The swollen lymph glands are termed _________ form the Greek word for groin, swollen gland

A

BUBOES

38
Q

First appearance in Europe in 1493.
AKA Syphilis: Sexually transmitted infection

A

Treponema Pallidum

39
Q

-First person to see live bacteria and protozoa.
-Father of Microbiology
-Father of Bacteriology
-Father of Protozoology
-He ground tiny glass lenses, which he mounted in a small metal frames, thus creating what today are known as single-lens microscope or single microscopes.
-Using rain water, well water, sea water
-He observed various tiny living creatures, which he called “animalcules”
-First one to draw a bacteria, to document, he draw it
-First drawing of bacteria: 1684

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

40
Q

First one to make microscope

A

DESCARTES

41
Q

-Demonstrated that different types of microbes produce different fermentation products.
-Used carbohydrate- product either acid or alcohol
-Disapproved Theory of Spontaneous Generation-based on Aristotle’s theory
-He introduced the terms “aerobes” and “anaerobes”
-Germ theory of disease
-Developed vaccines to prevent chicken cholera, anthrax, and swine erysipelas.

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

42
Q

Anti-microbial technique where you heat the liquid at a certain temp, so that the pathogen could be killed.

A

PASTEURIZATION

43
Q

-17th century Flemish
-Believed that mice could arise from rags and wheat kernels left in an open container for 3 weeks.

A

JAN BAPTIST VAN HELMONT

44
Q

-Made many significant contributions to the germ theory disease. Together with Louis Pasteur.
-Discovered that Bacillus anthracis produces spores, capable of resisting adverse conditions.
-Developed methods of fixing, staining, and photographing bacteria methods of cultivating bacteria on solid media.
-Discovered the bacterium M. tuberculosis that causes tuberculosis and the bacterium Vibrio cholerae that causes cholera.

A

ROBERT KOCH

45
Q

2 spore forming bacteria

A

Bacillus spp. & Clostridium spp.

46
Q

Used to propagate bacteria in vitro or outside

A

CULTURE MEDIA

47
Q

Provided the initial evidence that some of the microbes in dust and air have very high heat resistance and that particularly vigorous treatment is required to destroy them.

A

JOHN TYNDALL

48
Q

Use repeated heating and resting method

A

TYNDALLIZATION

49
Q

-Clarified the reason that heat would sometimes fail to completely eliminate all microorganisms.
-STERILE was established

A

FERDINAND COHN

50
Q

Completely free from all life forms and virus particles.

A

STERILE

51
Q

Observed that mothers who gave birth at home experienced fewer infections than did mothers who gave birth in the hospital.

A

DR. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES

52
Q

-Showed quite clearly that women became infected in the maternity ward after examinations by physicians coming directly from autopsy room.
-Father of handwashing

A

DR. IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS

53
Q

Infection of mothers after giving birth

A

CHILDBED FEVER

54
Q

First to introduce aseptic techniques aimed at reducing microbes in a medical setting and preventing wound infections.

A

JOSEPH LISTER

55
Q

Demonstrated the presence of bacterial flagella

A

FRIEDRICH LOEFFLER

56
Q

Discovered the enrichment medium

A

MARTINUS BEIJERINCK

57
Q

Discovered autoclave

A

CHAMBERLAND

58
Q

Anaerobic jar

A

MCINTOSH & FILDES

59
Q

Publication of the first description of microbes

A

ROBERT HOOKE

60
Q

The science of classifying living things

A

TAXONOMY

61
Q

The assignment of scientific names to the various taxonomic categories and individual organisms. It is based on International rulings

A

NOMENCLATURE

62
Q

Attempts the orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa. Based on their similarities or relationships

A

CLASSIFICATION

63
Q

Is the process of discovering and recording the traits of organisms so that they may be recognized or named and placed in an overall taxonomic scheme.

A

IDENTIFICATION

64
Q

Laid down the basic rules for classification and established taxonomic categories, or taxa

A

CARL VON LINNE

65
Q

-Whittaker’s tree
-Based on structural similarities and differences, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular organization, and the way these organisms obtained their nutrition

A

ROBERT WHITTAKER

66
Q

Devised a Three-Domain System of Classification

A

CARL R. WOESE

67
Q

ICNB

A

International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria

68
Q

Relate to an organism’s genetic makeup, including the nature of the organism’s genes and constituent nucleic acids

A

GENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS

69
Q

Are based on features beyond the genetic level and include both readily observable characteristics and characteristics that may require extensive analytic procedures to be detected.

A

PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS

Bacteriology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions