Introduction to Mycology

Question 1

Cell wall of fungi is made up of?

Answer 1

Chitin

Question 2

__ is found in the cell membrane of fungi

Answer 2

Ergosterol

Question 3

Spores of fungi are used for?

Answer 3

Reproduction

Question 4

Unicellular that thrives in human temperature

Answer 4

Yeast

Question 5

Filamentous in nature and thrives in room temperature

Answer 5

Molds

Question 6

Differential medium for yeast morphology

Answer 6

Cornmeal agar

Question 7

Yeast produce asexually by _ formation

Answer 7

Blastoconidia

Question 8

Yeast produce sexually by the formation of _ or _

Answer 8

Ascospore
Basidiospore

Question 9

Medically-important yeast and yeast-like organisms

Answer 9

Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Deuteromycota

Question 10

Produce fluffy, cottony, woolly, or powdery colonies; filamentous fungi

Answer 10

Molds

Question 11

Basic structural unit of molds

Answer 11

Hyphae

Question 12

As the hyphae grow, they intertwine to form a loose network known as _

Answer 12

Mycelium

Question 13

Specialized type of hyphae that is swollen and has branching tips

Answer 13

Antler hyphae

Question 14

Other term for Non-septate Hyphae

Answer 14

Coenocytic

Question 15

Specialized type of hyphae that is enlarged and has club-shaped areas

Answer 15

Racquet

Question 16

Specialized type of hyphae that are root-like structures

Answer 16

Rhizoids

Question 17

Specialized type of hyphae that are tightly-coiled

Answer 17

Spiral

Question 18

Specialized type of hyphae with comb-like lateral projections

Answer 18

Pectinate

Question 19

Hyphae that is divided by partitions

Answer 19

Septate Hyphae

Question 20

Hyphae that is hollow and multinucleated; without partitions

Answer 20

Non-Septate / Coenocytic

Question 21

Non-pigmented or lightly-pigmented hyphae is known as _ / _

Answer 21

Hyaline
Moniliaceous

Question 22

Darkly pigmented hyphae due to the presence of melanin in the cell wall

Answer 22

Phaeoid
Dematiaceous

Question 23

Special stains used for Phaeoid / Dematiaceous Hyphae

Answer 23

Gomori Methylene stain
Masson Fontana stain

Question 24

Portion of mycelium that projects above the substrate and produces spores

Answer 24

Aerial

Question 25

Portion of mycelium that penetrates the substrate and absorbs food

Answer 25

Vegetative

Question 26

Grow partially as yeast and partially as elongated cells resembling hyphae such as Candida albicans

Answer 26

Yeast-like

Question 27

Presence of a constriction at the junction of adjacent cells

Answer 27

Pseudohyphae

Question 28

Dimorphic Fungi exhibits a _ form in the host tissue and in vitro at _

Answer 28

Yeast 37 degrees Celsius

Question 29

Dimorphic Fungi exhibits a _ form in vitro at _

Answer 29

Mycelial 25 degrees Celsius

Question 30

Systemic Dimorphic Fungi

Answer 30

Histoplasma capsulatum Blastomyces dermatitidis Coccidioides immitis Paracoccidioides braziliensis

Question 31

Opportunistic Dimorphic Fungi

Answer 31

Penicillium marneffei

Question 32

Subcutaneous Dimorphic Fungi

Answer 32

Sporothrix schenchkii

Question 33

Coccidioides differs from other dimorphic fungi in form in 37 degrees Celsius as it exhibits what form?

Answer 33

Spherule

Question 34

Type of spore that is formed by two compatible haploid nuclei that are brought together in the same cell

Answer 34

Sexual Spores

Question 35

Type of spore that is formed by mitosis, generally are resistant to adverse growth conditions

Answer 35

Asexual Spores

Question 36

Spores produced in a sac-like structure

Answer 36

Ascospore

Question 37

_ - Club-shaped structure; formed externally on the tip of a pedestal called a _

Answer 37

Basidiospore Basidium

Question 38

Spores resulting from the fusion of cells from 2 different hyphae

Answer 38

Oospores

Question 39

Thick-walled spores formed when 2 sexually-compatible hyphae fuse together; spores resulting from the fusion of identical hyphae

Answer 39

Zygospores

Question 40

Two Types of Asexual Spores

Answer 40

Thallospores (Vegetative) Aerial Spores

Question 41

Thallospores that either have intercalary, sessile, or terminal knot

Answer 41

Chlamydospores

Question 42

Thallospores that are thick-walled; in chains

Answer 42

Arthrospores

Question 43

Thallospores that are budding

Answer 43

Bastospore

Question 44

Types of Aerial Spores

Answer 44

Conidiaspores Macro/Micronidia Sporongiospores

Question 45

Vase-shaped phialides conidia

Answer 45

Phialophora

Question 46

Long, branching chains of conidia formed on elongated conidiophores

Answer 46

Cladosporium

Question 47

Short-branched chains of elliptical conidia

Answer 47

Rhinocladiella

Question 48

Short, branching chains with cell budding

Answer 48

Fonsecaea

Question 49

Zygospores are commonly observed in

Answer 49

Zygomycetes

Question 50

Ascospores are commonly observed in

Answer 50

Aspergillus

Question 51

Basidiospores are commonly observed in

Answer 51

Cryptococcus

Question 52

Arthrospores are commonly observed in

Answer 52

Coccidioides Trichosporon

Question 53

Blastospore are commonly observed in

Answer 53

Candida

Question 54

Chlamydospores are specifically observed in

Answer 54

Candida albicans

Question 55

Conidiospores or conidia are commonly observed in

Answer 55

Aspergillus

Question 56

Sporangiospores are commonly observed in

Answer 56

Zygomycetes

Question 57

Microconidia and Macroconidia are commonly observed in

Answer 57

Dermatophytes Fusarium

Question 58

4 Phyla based on Sexual Spore Formation

Answer 58

Glomeromycota Ascomycota Blasidiomycota Deuteromycota

Question 59

Glomeromycota and Deuteromycota are also known as _ and _

Answer 59

Zygomycetes Fungi Imperfecta

Question 60

A broad, non-septate hyphae such as Rhizopus, Absidia, Mucor

Answer 60

Zygomycetes

Question 61

Sexual Spores of Zygomycetes

Answer 61

Zygospores

Question 62

Asexual Spores of Zygomycetes

Answer 62

Sporangiospores

Question 63

Ascomycetes produce _ sexually and _ asexually

Answer 63

Ascospores Conidia

Question 64

Microsporum spp. Tricophyton spp. Pseduallescheria boydii are of what phyla?

Answer 64

Ascomycetes

Question 65

Fungi that reproduce sexually through the formation of basidiospores

Answer 65

Basidiomycota

Question 66

A commonly known example of basidiomycota

Answer 66

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 67

Sexual state is either absent or unidentified yet; characterized by asexual reproductive structures (conidia)

Answer 67

Deuteromycota

Question 68

Coccidioides immitis Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Candida albicans are of what phyla?

Answer 68

Deuteromycota

Question 69

Confined to the outermost layer skin and hair with symptoms of discoloration, scaling or abnormal skin pigmentation

Answer 69

Superficial Mycoses

Question 70

Tinea versicolor is caused by?

Answer 70

Malassezia furfur

Question 71

Tinea nigra is caused by?

Answer 71

Hortaea werneckii

Question 72

White Piedra is caused by?

Answer 72

Trichosporon spp

Question 73

Black Piedra is caused by?

Answer 73

Piedraia hortae

Question 74

Affect the keratinized layer of the skin, hair, or nails. Symptoms of these infections include itching, scaling or ring-like patches (ringworm) of the skin; brittle or broken hairs; thick discolored nails

Answer 74

Cutaneous Mycoses

Question 75

Cutaneous Mycoses that infect skin and hair

Answer 75

Microsporum spp.

Question 76

Cutaneous Mycoses that infect skin and nail

Answer 76

Epidermophyton spp.

Question 77

Cutaneous Mycoses that infect skin, hair and nail

Answer 77

Trichophyton spp.

Question 78

Affect the deeper layers of the skin, including muscle and connective tissue; infections do not usually disseminate to the blood to the different organs

Answer 78

Subcutaneous Infections

Question 79

Sporotrichosis is caused by?

Answer 79

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 80

Mycetoma is caused by?

Answer 80

Pseudallescheria boydii

Question 81

Dematiaceous / phaeoid fungi with sclerotic bodies causes what?

Answer 81

Chromoblastomycosis

Question 82

Dematiaceous / phaeoid fungi without sclerotic bodies causes what?

Answer 82

Phaeohyphomycosis

Question 83

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by?

Answer 83

Rhinosporidium seeberi

Question 84

Affect the lungs and can disseminate to internal organs of the deep tissues of the body

Answer 84

Systemic Mycoses

Question 85

Histoplasmosis Agent

Answer 85

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 86

Blastomycosis Agent

Answer 86

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 87

Coccidioidomycosis Agents

Answer 87

C. immitis C. posadasii

Question 88

Paracoccidioidomycosis Agent

Answer 88

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Question 89

Ordinarily, do not cause any disease, but given a chance, they can infect people

Answer 89

Opportunistic Mycoses

Question 90

Candidiasis is caused by?

Answer 90

Candida albicans

Question 91

Cryptococcosis is caused by?

Answer 91

C. neoformans

Question 92

Zygomycosis is caused by?

Answer 92

Zygomycota (Aseptate fungi)

Question 93

Aspergillosis is caused by?

Answer 93

Aspergillus spp.

Question 94

Penicilliosis is caused by?

Answer 94

Penicillium marneffei

Question 95

Pneumocystis is caused by?

Answer 95

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 96

Fusariosis is caused by?

Answer 96

Fusarium