Introduction to Ophthalmic procedures in the horse Flashcards
What cranial nerves are tested in PLR
II and III
What cranial nerves tested in palpebral
V and VII
What cranial nerves tested in menace
II and VII
What sedation can we give for eye exams
Xylazine, detomidine, +/- butorphanol
What does the auriculopalpebral block, block
Motor to orbicularis oculi
What does supraorbital block, block
Sensory to medial 2/3 of upper eyelid
Identify blocks 1-2
- Aurioculopapebral
- Supraorbital
When should the schrimer test be done
Before anything else is put in eye and before sedation ideally
What is normal schirmer tear test result
30mm in one minute
Less than 10mm on schirmer test indicates what
Tear deficiency
What does the fluorescein stain, stain
Corneal stroma when epithelium is gone
What does the fluorescein stain not strain
Descemets membrane
What is the order of tissue in the eye
Corneal epithelium—> stroma—> descemets membrane—> corneal endothelium
What does the rose bengal stain, stain
Corneal epithelium- evaluates integrity of tear film
What are the 3 components of tear film
- Outer oily layer (meibomian glands)
- Aqueous layer (lacrimal, nictitans gland)
- Inner mucin layer (conjunctival goblet cells)
If you have an ulcer that does not uptake fluorescein stain what does that tell you
Stroma is gone, only descemets membrane left from keeping eye rupture
Identify stains
top: fluorescein- superficial ulcer
Bottom: rose bengal- keratitis
What does the tonopen do
Measures IOP
What is normal IOP
16-30mm Hg
What should you apply before doing tonopen
Proparacaine
What drug do we use to dilate eyes
Tropicamide
What does the direct examination of fundus look at
0 for retina/optic nerve
Green 20 for cornea/lids
Greater magnification
What does indirect examination of fundus reveal
Inverted imagine, less magnification
Identify the 3 structures in this image and is it healthy or unhealthy
top/yellow: tapetum
Bottom/blue/black: non-tapetum
Orange circle: optic disk/nerve
