Introduction to Pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Muscle Relaxants/Anxiolytics

Question 1

Adverse drug reaction:

• Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.
• Is an expected or known effect and is intended.
• Is harm directly caused at normal doses.
• Is harm directly caused at excess doses.

Answer 1

Is harm directly caused at normal doses.

Question 2

Anti-platelet aggregant is given mainly to:

• Prevent thrombosis.
• Minimize inflammation.
• Lowers fever.
• Stops bleeding.
• Relieves pain.

Answer 2

Prevent thrombosis.

Question 3

Anti-pyretic:

• NSAIDS
• Inhibits the action of prostaglandins.
• Aspirin
• Lowers fever.

Answer 3

NSAIDS, inhibits the action of prostaglandins, Aspirin, and lowers fever.

Question 4

Anticoagulants:

• Relieves pain.
• An effect of Acetaminophen.
• Will cause bleeding as an adverse effect.
• Achieved by promoting platelet aggregation.
• Lowers fever.

Answer 4

Will cause bleeding as an adverse effect.

Question 5

Causes pain, fever, and inflammation:

• Prostaglandins
• NSAIDS
• Steroids
• COX enzymes
• Arachidonic acid

Answer 5

Prostaglandins

Question 6

Drug to drug interaction can affect drug response. An example would be:

• Taking Vitamin C while taking Iron.
• Eating aged cheese while taking Monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
• Eating citrus fruit while taking Iron.
• Having a condition such as Chronic Kidney Disease.

Answer 6

Taking Vitamin C while taking Iron.

Question 7

Enzyme responsible for the production of leukotrienes:

• Arachidonic acid
• COX-1
• COX-2
• Phospholipase
• Lipoxygenase

Answer 7

Lipoxygenase

Question 8

Enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes:

• Lipoxygenase
• Arachidonic acid
• Cyclooxygenase
• Prostaglandins
• Phospholipase

Answer 8

Cyclooxygenase

Question 9

How glucocorticoids achieve its anti-inflammatory effects:

• None of the choices.
• Inhibit cyclooxygenase.
• Increases blood glucose.
• Inhibit phospholipase A2.
• Destroys arachidonic acid.

Answer 9

Inhibit phospholipase A2.

Question 10

Mefenamic acid:

• Dolfenal
• Alaxan
• Aspirin
• Arcoxia
• Glucocorticoid

Answer 10

Dolfenal

Question 11

Not true of Paracetamol:

• Also known as acetaminophen.
• A pain reliever.
• Anti-platelet aggregant
• Analgesic
• Is a generic name.

Answer 11

Anti-platelet aggregant

Question 12

Pain relievers:

• Anti-pyretic
• Analgesic
• Anti-platelet
• Anti-inflammatory

Answer 12

Analgesic

Question 13

Pharmacodynamics:

• Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
• Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.
• Is the study of what the drug does to the body.
• None of the above.

Answer 13

Is the study of what the drug does to the body.

Question 14

Pharmacokinetics:

• Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
• Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.
• Both A and B.
• None of the above.

Answer 14

• Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
• Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.

Question 15

Primary site for excretion:

• Liver
• Large Intestine
• Kidney
• Lungs

Answer 15

Kidney

Question 16

Primary site involved in metabolism:

• Heart
• Large Intestine
• Liver
• Stomach

Answer 16

Liver

Question 17

Side effect:

• Is harm directly caused at normal doses.
• Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.
• Is an expected or known effect and is intended.
• Is harm directly caused at excess doses.

Answer 17

Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.

Question 18

This drug increases the affinity of GABA that increases the influx of chloride ions at the postsynaptic cell:

• Diazepam
• Dantrolene sodium
• Baclofen
• Botulinum toxin

Answer 18

Diazepam

Question 19

This is the study of specific drugs to prevent, treat, or diagnose a disease:

• Pharmacodynamics
• Pharmacotherapeutics
• Pharmacokinetics
• Toxicology

Answer 19

Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 20

Toxicology is the study of:

• How the body deals with the drug.
• Harmful effects of drugs.
• Specific drugs to prevent or diagnose diseases.
• Therapeutic effects of drugs.

Answer 20

Harmful effects of drugs.

Question 21

What drug inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters at the terminal?

• Dantrolene sodium
• Diazepam
• Baclofen
• None of the above.

Answer 21

Baclofen

Question 22

What drug prevents calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

• Dantrolene sodium
• Diazepam
• Baclofen
• None of the above.

Answer 22

Dantrolene sodium

Question 23

Which of the following is a barbiturate?

• Phenobarbital
• Lorazepam
• Diazepam
• Zolpidem

Answer 23

Phenobarbital

Question 24

Which of the following anti-spastic drugs/muscle relaxants are peripherally-acting?

• Baclofen
• Diazepam
• Tizanidine
• Dantrolene

Answer 24

Dantrolene

Question 25

Which of the following anti-spastic drugs/muscle relaxants are centrally-acting? - Botulinum toxin - Baclofen - Dantrolene - None of the above.

Answer 25

Baclofen

Question 26

Which of the following inhibits the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic terminal at the skeletal neuromuscular junction? - Botulinum toxin - Baclofen - Dantrolene sodium - Diazepam

Answer 26

Botulinum toxin

Question 27

Which of the following is a non-benzodiazepine? - Diazepam - Zolpidem - Alprazolam - Phenobarbital

Answer 27

Zolpidem

Question 28

Which of the following is true about barbiturates? - Barbiturates increase the activity of excitatory neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and glutamate. - Barbiturates inhibit the effect of GABA. - Barbiturates can hold the ion channel open continuously for long periods of time. - At higher doses, they are unable to mimic GABA activity.

Answer 28

Barbiturates can hold the ion channel open continuously for long periods of time.

Question 29

Which of the following is true about gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)? - GABA has a tranquilizing effect on emotions and prevents us from becoming overwhelmed in stressful situations. - GABA is a major excitatory neurotransmitter. - Both statements are true. - None of the statements are true.

Answer 29

GABA has a tranquilizing effect on emotions and prevents us from becoming overwhelmed in stressful situations.

Question 30

Which route is the easiest, safest, and most convenient to use for drug administration? - Rectal - Transdermal - Sublingual - Oral

Answer 30

Oral