Introduction to Six Sigma

Question 1

What is Six Sigma?

Answer 1

A commitment to the customer/focus on continuous improvement and exceeding expectations.

Question 2

What does Six Sigma measure?

Answer 2

A statistical measurement of an organization’s process which is both reliable and valid.

Question 3

What does Six Sigma Improve with an organization?

Answer 3

It improves an organization’s ability to solve problems creatively.

Question 4

What does Six Sigma provide?

Answer 4

A management framework, or a mental set, for simultaneously thinking about process economics, quality, and customers.

Question 5

What does Six Sigma Focuses on?

Answer 5

Improving the quality of process outputs, by defining what requirements are critical to customer satisfaction.

Question 6

What is a fundamental principle of Six Sigma?

Answer 6

VOC (Voice Of the CUstomer)

Question 7

How does VOC apply

Answer 7

The VOICE OF THE CUSTOMER is represented by lower and upper specification limits, which define the customer requirements. The curve of the graph represents the voice of the process, which is a measure of the variation of the process data.

Question 8

What does the curve of the Voice of the Customer (VOC) measure?

Answer 8

Its a measure of the variation of the process data.

Question 9

What do the specification limits define?

Answer 9

The customer requirements or the limits of the Voice of the Customer (VOC).

Question 10

What is the Voice of The Process is a measure of what?

Answer 10

The variation in the VOC Data.

Question 11

What is the Voice of the Process is represented by what?

Answer 11

The standard deviation of the data (sigma)

Question 12

What does sigma mean?

Answer 12

Standard deviation. A measure of the spread or variation of the data from the mean.

Question 13

What does a low standard deviation of data mean?

Answer 13

It means that the data points are not spread out as far from the mean. (usually within a 1 sigma range) High means usually higher than 1 sigma.

Question 14

What is the second meaning of sigma?

Answer 14

The level at which a process is capable of meeting customer specifications. This capability is referred to as a sigma level/score

Question 15

What is the sigma level/score determined by?

Answer 15

the distance from the center of the data to the specification limits as measured in standard deviations.

Question 16

As the Sigma level increases, what happens to quality?

Answer 16

Quality increases

Question 17

What is DMAIC stand for?

Answer 17

1) Define
2) Measure
3) Analyze
4) Improve
5) Control

Question 18

What is DMAIC?

Answer 18

IS a structured, statistically focused, rigorous, data driven, and systematic business improvement approach. It is key to Six Sigma project success.

Question 19

What is the focus of the Define phase of the DMAIC?

Answer 19

Establish the REAL problem and it’s importance to the Customer

Question 20

What is the focus of the Measure phase of the DMAC?

Answer 20

To gather current information on the process and determine baseline capability.

Question 21

What is the focus of the analyzee phase of the DMAIC process?

Answer 21

To Evaluate Data and determine the REAL key Root Cause(S) of the problem.

Question 22

What is the focus of the Improve phase of DMAIC?

Answer 22

To develop a course of action to fix the Root Cause(s) and then VERIFY!

Question 23

What is the focus of the Control phase of DMAIC?

Answer 23

Once fix is incorporated , implement controls to maintain improvement.

Question 24

Can the phases of the DMAIC timeline overlap?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What are the objectives of the Define Phase of DMAIC?

Answer 25

Members of the project team are chosen based on their skills relative to the project. The teams objectives are to figure out what the improvement opportunities are. DEfine critical customer requirements, and prepare itself to be an effective project team.

Question 26

What are some deliverables of the Define phase of DMAIC?

Answer 26

1) Create a project charter 2) Determine the project scope

Question 27

What are the steps of the Measure Phase of DMAIC?

Answer 27

1) Collects CTQ data 2) Measures Cost of Poor Quality 3) Documents findings

Question 28

What does the Analyze Phase team use?

Answer 28

The results from the Measure Phase, to narrow the range of potential causes requiring investigation. In this phase the team uses cause and effect analysis (identify root causes).

Question 29

How does a team narrow their investigation in the Analyzer Phase?

Answer 29

By performing Cause and Effect Analysis to identify root causes to problems.

Question 30

What does the team do in the Improve phase of the DMIAC?

Answer 30

1) Identifies 2) Evaluates 2) Selects The right improvement solutions to maximize the right ROI.

Question 31

What is the teams objective in the Control phase?

Answer 31

To ensure the gains achieved will be maintained and that the process will not revert back to its prior state.

Question 32

How is the control phase achieved?

Answer 32

1) Process controls 2) Control plan implemented

Question 33

What is the general idea of the Six Sigma Methodology?

Answer 33

1) Establish relationship between KPIVs and KPOVs 2) Control the Inputs to 3) Predict the Outputs

Question 34

what is the expression of outputs in Six Sigma?

Answer 34

Y = f(x)

Question 35

What is a way to visualize the six sigma process?

Answer 35

Inputs - KPIV's go into the top of the Measure side, Analyze, Improve, and Control. The Outputs/Result is an improved process that meets customer requirements.

Question 36

What is Six Sigma about?

Answer 36

Is about improving customer satisfaction and loyalty. Its a discipline management philosophy used to bring about change and improve statistical results. It uses statistical techniques and tools and ensures accountability by using valid and reliable measurements. Is a roadmap for improving process by reducing variation, and eliminating defects. DMAIC, is a 5 step improvement cycle, is the primary approach in 6 sigma projects.