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Sociology > Introduction To Sociology > Flashcards

Introduction To Sociology Flashcards

1
Q

What is sociology?

A

The study of human social relationships and institutions

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2
Q

What is culture

A

Describes the way of life of a group of people

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3
Q

What is socialisation

A

Where people learn their culture from others around them

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4
Q

What are Norms?

A

The rules or guidelines for expected behaviours

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5
Q

What are mores

A

Ways of behaving that are seen as good or moral

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6
Q

What is social change

A

Any differences in the way that people think or act

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7
Q

What are values

A

Widely accepted beliefs That some things are worth while and desirable

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8
Q

What are customs

A

Traditional and regular forms of behaviour associated with social occasions

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9
Q

What is a status

A

A persons standing or position in society based on respect

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10
Q

What is ascribed status

A

Where your position in life in given automatically

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11
Q

What is achieved status

A

Where your position in life is controlled through their efforts

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12
Q

What is social role

A

When your expected to follow particular norms of behaviour based on your status

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13
Q

What is role conflict?

A

When you have numerous roles to follow and they clash

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14
Q

What is social control

A

A way of ensuring that people conform to Norms and values so the social order is maintained

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15
Q

What is formal social control

A

Official control on the basis of written down laws/rules

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16
Q

What is informal social control?

A

Unofficial control not based on written rules, often based on expectation

17
Q

What are sanctions

A

A form of social control

18
Q

What are positive sanctions

A

Reinforce behaviours through rewards

19
Q

What are negative sanctions

A

Disencourage behaviours through punishment

20
Q

What is social construction

A

Any idea that is created and given special meaning by people

21
Q

What is an example of social construction

A

Culture

22
Q

What is cultural diversity

A

Cultures vary across the world and change over time

23
Q

What is ethnocentric

A

When your culture influences your perspective

24
Q

What is the nature debate

A

When biologists and psychologists argue that behaviour doesn’t need to be learned and is mainly shaped by natural instincts and genetics

25
Q

What is nurture debate

A

When sociologists question whether human behaviour is governed by instinct entirely as they believe that most of our behaviours are learned and that social factors over ride biology

26
Q

What is socialisation

A

When humans learn their culture from others. Where we learn acceptable beliefs and behaviours

27
Q

What is an agent of socialisation

A

Any person, social groups or organisations that passes norms and values and essentially teaches us how to behave

28
Q

What is primary socialisation

A

Where we learn from immidiate family in the home

29
Q

What is secondary socialisation

A

Learning from wider society

30
Q

What is tertiary socialisation

A

Adult socialtion in new situations

31
Q

Who said there were 3 differnt types of socialisation

A

Tallcott Parsons

32
Q

What are feral children

A

Children bought up without human socialisation

33
Q

What is identity

A

Our sense of who we are, our relationship to other people and our place in social world

34
Q

What is our primary identity

A

Our personal sense of self

35
Q

What is our secondary identity

A

Our social sense of self and the times we play in society

36
Q

Who claimed that children learn expected behaviour for their gender through manipulation, verbal appellations, activities and canalisation

A

Ann Oakley

Sociology (12 decks)

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