Introduction to the Human Body Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
How much of our medical terminology is estimated to be Greek?
A
3/4 (75%)
2
Q
Medical words may be composed of _____, _______ and ______
A
Roots, prefixes, and/or suffixes
3
Q
What term describes medical words in which two or more whole words are combined?
A
Compounds
4
Q
What are the foundations of words that are usually not used by themselves?
A
Roots
5
Q
Brocho/pulmo
A
lungs
6
Q
Cardi
A
heart
7
Q
Gastro
A
stomach
8
Q
Hepat
A
liver
9
Q
Neur
A
nerve
10
Q
Nas
A
nose
11
Q
Or
A
Mouth/oral
12
Q
Pneumo
A
Air or lungs
13
Q
What are added to the beginning of roots or words to modify the meaning of the word?
A
Prefixes
14
Q
Ab
A
Away from
15
Q
Ad
A
Increase, adherence, toward
16
Q
Ante
A
Before
17
Q
Brady
A
Slow
18
Q
Contra
A
Against
19
Q
Dys
A
Difficult or painful
20
Q
Hyper
A
Above normal, high
21
Q
Hypo
A
Below normal, low
22
Q
Inter
A
between
23
Q
Peri
A
around
24
Q
Poly
A
many
25
Post
after, behind
26
Pre
before
27
Super/Supra
Above or in excess
28
Sym, Syn
Joined together, with
29
Tachy
Fast
30
Uni
one
31
What term describes an ending that follows a root word that may be in a noun form or an adjective form?
Suffix
32
Algia
pain
33
al
pertaining to
34
emesis
Vomiting
35
itis
inflammation
36
ology
stud of
37
plegia
paralysis
38
pnea
breathing
39
rrhea
discharge
40
spasm
contraction
41
ist
one who specializes in
42
What term describes an abbreviation made up of initials that can be pronounced as a word?
Acronyms
43
What term describes the study of body structures and the relation of one part to another?
Anatomy
44
What term describes the study of how the body works and how the various parts function individually and in relation to each other?
Physiology
45
Describe anatomical position
standing erect with feet together, and face, eyes, and palms of the hands directed forward
46
what are the two vertical planes?
coronal (frontal) and Sagittal
47
Which body plane passes from one side to the other,?
frontal
48
Which body plane lies in the mid-line and divides the body into right and left halves?
Mid-sagittal
49
What are the six structural levels in the body that work together to create the whole body?
```
Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
System
Organismal
```
50
Which structural level can be described as the beginning level of organization of the body?
Chemical Level
51
Which structural level consists of the smallest and most numerous structural units that posses and exhibit the basic characteristics of living matter?
Cellular level
52
Which structural level can be described as a group of many similar cells that all develop together from the same part of an embryo and all perform a certain function?
Tissue level
53
What are the four types of tissue?
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
54
Which type of tissue forms the outer covering of the body and is known as the free surface of the skin?
Epithelial
55
Which type of tissue forms the lining of different body systems?
Epithelial
56
What type of tissue can be described as supporting tissue of various structures of the body?
Connective
57
What type of tissue is the most widespread in the body?
Connective
58
What type of tissue surrounds other cells, encases joints, and provides the supporting framework of the body?
Connective
59
What type of tissue provides for all body movement?
Muscular
60
What are the three types of muscular tissue?
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac
61
What type of tissue is the most complex?
Nervous
62
Which structural level can be described as the chemical structures organized within larger units to perform a specific function?
Organ level
63
Which structural level is the most complex of the organizational units of the body?
System level
64
Which structural level describes a collection of interactive parts that are capable of surviving gin hostile environments with the ability to reproduce and repair damaged parts?
Organismal level
65
What are the the characteristics of living matter?
Digestion
Metabolism
Homeostasis
66
What term involves the physical and chemical breakdown of food into simplest form?
Digestion
67
What is the process of absorption, storage and use foods for body growth, maintenance and repair?
Metabolism
68
What is the body's self regulated control of its internal environment?
Homeostasis
69
List the anatomy of the upper airway
Nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis, esophagus, vocal cords
70
What term describes the part of the digestive and respiratory tracts situated between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus?
Pharynx
71
What is the modified upper part of the respiratory passage of air breathing vertebrates that is bounded above by the glottis?
Larynx
72
What term describes a thin lamella of yellow elastic cartilage that ordinarily projects upward behind the tongue and just in front of the glottis?
Epiglottis
73
What term describes a muscular tube that passes from the pharynx down the neck between the trachea and the spinal column?
Esophagus
74
What term describes the structure where sound is produced by the passage of air?
Vocal Cord
75
What are the structures of the lower airway?
Trachea, Bronchi, Respiratory unit
76
Which ribs make up the true ribs?
upper seven pairs
77
Which ribs make up the false ribs?
pairs 8-12
78
Which ribs make up the floating ribs?
11 and 12
79
What are the three parts of the sternum?
Manubrium, body and Xiphoid process
80
What are the two layers of the pleura?
Visceral and parietal layer
81
Which layer of the pleura covers the surface of the lungs?
Visceral
82
Which layer of the pleura covers the lateral aspect of the mediastinum, the upper surface of the diaphragm and the inner aspect of the chest wall?
Parietal layer
83
What makes up the mediastinum?
Heart, great vessels, trachea and esophagus
84
How many bones are in the skull?
28
85
How many bones make up the facial bones?
14 stationary and one mobile
86
What are the structures of the external eye?
Eyelid, Conjunctiva, Lacrimal gland, eye muscles, and Bony orbit
87
What are the structures of the internal eye?
Sclera, cornea, Iris, Pupil, Retina, Optic disc
88
What term describes the anterior outer layer of the sclera?
Cornea
89
What term describes the circular, pigmented muscular structure that gives the color?
Iris
90
What is the most powerful refractive surface of the eye?
Cornea
91
What are the three ossicles of the middle ear?
Malleus, Incus(anvil), Stapes
