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INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENCE OF BOTANY Flashcards

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1
Q

THE BRANCH OF BIOLOGY DEALING WITH
THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF PLANT LIFE.

A

BOTANY

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2
Q

BOTANY IS ALSO CALLED

A

“PLANT SCIENCE(S)” OR “PLANT
BIOLOGY”

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3
Q

Study of the structure and functions of important biological
molecules present in our plants such as proteins and
nucleic acid

A

PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

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4
Q

Plant cytology. Encompasses the structure, function, and
life process in the plant cells.

A

PLANT CELL BIOLOGY

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5
Q

Study of chemical interactions within plants, including a
variety of chemicals that plants produce.

A

PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY

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6
Q

Study of microscopic plant structure (cell and tissues).
Internal structure.

A

PLANT ANATOMY

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7
Q

Study of the structures of plant parts. The study of the
exterior form of plants, including the placement of stems
and leaves on a stem. Exterior structure.

A

PLANT MORPHOLOGY

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8
Q

The study of plant heredity and variation.

A

PLANT GENETICS

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9
Q

The study of the function of plants and their cells and
tissues.

A

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

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10
Q

The study of the interrelationships among plants and
between plants and their environment

A

PLANT ECOLOGY

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11
Q

The study of plant evolutionary relationships among
different plant groups.

A

PLANT SYSTEMATICS

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12
Q

The subdiscipline of systematics deals with the
description, naming, and classification of plants.

A

PLANT TAXONOMY

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13
Q

Study of the biology and the evolution of plants in the
geological past.

A

PALEOBOTANY

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14
Q

Study of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. (Nonvascular
plants)

A

BRYOLOGY

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15
Q

Applied plant biology that studies field crops and soil.

A

AGRONOMY

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16
Q

Applied plant biology on ornamental plants and fruits and
vegetable crops. (Decorative plants)

A

HORTICULTURE

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17
Q

Applied plant biology on forest conservation and forest
production such as lumber.

A

FORESTRY

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18
Q

The study of diseases and the structural and functional
changes that occur with diseases.

A

PLANT PATHOLOGY

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19
Q

Study of algae

A

PHYCOLOGY

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20
Q

Study of ferns

A

PTERIDOLOGY

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21
Q

Study of fungi

A

MYCOLOGY

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21
Q

THE SMALLEST PARTICLE OF AN
ELEMENT THAT POSSESSES THE PROPERTIES OF
THE ELEMENT

A

Atom

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21
Q

COMPOSED OF TWO OR
MORE ATOMS OF A SINGLE ELEMENT.

A

molecule

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22
Q

LARGE BIOLOGICAL
MOLECULES SUCH AS PROTEINS AND NUCLEIC
ACIDS.

A

macromolecules

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23
THE SMALLEST UNIT THAT CAN PERFORM ALL THE ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH LIFE.
cell
24
ASSOCIATIONS OF CELLS THAT PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.
tissues
24
FUNCTIONAL UNITS THAT PERFORM SPECIFIC ROLES
organs
25
GROUPS OF MEMBERS OF THE SAME SPECIES THAT LIVE TOGETHER IN THE SAME AREA AND SIMULTANEOUSLY.
population
25
CONSISTS OF ALL POPULATIONS OF DIFFERENT ORGANISMS THAT LIVE AND INTERACT WITHIN AN AREA.
community
26
A COMMUNITY TOGETHER WITH ITS NON-LIVING ENVIRONMENT.
ecosystem
27
DOES NOT INVOLVE THE UNION OF GAMETES
asexual reproduction
28
THE ORGANIC MOLECULE THAT STORES AND CARRIES IMPORTANT GENETIC INFORMATION IN CELLS.
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
28
ORGANISMS THAT HAVE NUCLEI AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUNDED ORGANELLES
eukaryotes
28
a Swedish botanist, simplified the naming of organisms
Carolus Linnaeus
29
ORGANISMS THAT LACK NUCLEI AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUNDED ORGANELLES
Prokaryotes
30
Discovery of general concepts by the careful examination of specific cases
inductive reasoning
31
proceeds from generalities to specifics
Deductive reasoning
32
"Father of Botany"
Theophrastus
32
Major works of Theophrastus
Enquiry into Plants and On the Causes of Plants
33
wrote De Materia Medica
PEDANIUS DIOSCORIDES
33
a five-volume encyclopedia about herbal medicine in the middle of the first century.
De Materia Medica
34
Botanical garden by the italians that is still in its original location
The Padua Botanical Garden (Orto botanico di Padua) in 1545
35
authored a botanically and pharmacologically important herbal Historia Plantarum in 1544
PHYSICIAN VALERIUS CORDUS
36
PHYSICIAN VALERIUS CORDUS authored ta pharmacopeia of lasting importance called ?
Dispensatorium in 1546
37
Father of taxonomy
CARL VON LINNE (CARL LINNAEUS)
38
a hierarchical classification of plant species that remains the reference point for modern botanical nomenclature in 1753.
Species Plantarum
39
when was Species Plantarum published
1753
39
Wrote the first modern botanical textbook Grundzüge der Wissenschaftlichen Botanik
MATTIAS SCHLEIDEN
40
Grundzüge der Wissenschaftlichen Botanik was published in English as
in 1849 as Principles of Scientific Botany.
41
Co-founded the cell theory and was among the first to grasp the significance of the cell nucleus.
SCHLEIDEN, SCHWANN, VIRCHOW
42
Proposed the gene-chromosome theory of heredity
GREGOR MENDEL
42
father of Genetics
GREGOR MENDEL
43
Process by which plants and other organisms uses solar energy to make their own food
Photosynthesis
44
most important source of fuel
Wood
45
produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them
Paper
46
Cassia alata
Akapulko
47
Used to treat ringworm infections and skin fungal infections, insect bites, eczema, scabies and itchiness
Akapulko
47
Also known as “bayabas-bayabasan” or “ringworm bush”
Akapulko
48
Momordica charantia
Ampalaya
48
Also known as “bitter gourd” or “bitter mellon”
Ampalaya
49
Most known as a treatment of diabetes, for noninsulin dependent patients
Ampalaya
49
Allium sativum
Bawang
50
It mainly reduces cholesterol in the blood and hence, helps control blood pressure
Bawang
51
Psidium guajava
Bayabas
52
It is primarily used as an antiseptic, to disinfect wounds
Bayabas
53
It can also be used as a mouth wash to treat tooth decay and gum infection
Bayabas
54
Known in English as “5-leaved chaste tree”
Lagundi
55
Niyog-niyogan
Quisqualis indica
55
its main use is for relief of cough and asthma
Lagundi
55
Lagundi
Vitex negundo
56
Cumulative genetic changes in a population of organisms from generation to generation.
evolution
57
is a vine known as “Chinese hony suckle”
Niyog-niyogan
57
It is effective in the elimination of intestinal worms, particularly Ascaris and Trichina
Niyog-niyogan
58
Sambong
Blumea balsamifera
58
Known in English as “Ngai Camphor” or “Blumea Camphora”
Sambong
58
It can also be used as in the treatment of edema
Sambong
58
A diuretic that helps in the excretion of urinary stones
Sambong
59
Taken as tea to treat skin allergies including eczema, scabies and itchiness in wounds during child birth
Tsaang Gubat
59
Tsaang Gubat
Ehretia microphylla
60
Ulasimang Bato
Peperomia pellucida
61
Also known locally as “pansit-pansitan”
Ulasimang Bato
62
It is effective in fighting arthritis and gout
Ulasimang Bato
62
Yerba Buena
Clinopodium douglasii
62
Also known as “peppermint”
Yerba Buena
62
This vine is used as an analgesic to relieve body aches and pain
Yerba Buena
62
It can be taken internally as a decoction or externally by pounding the leaves and applying it directly on the affected area
Yerba Buena
63
The mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin
NATURAL SELECTION
64
are often adapted to harsh conditions and frequently live in oxygen- deficient environments
kingdom Archaea
65
The kingdom Protista contains
protozoa, algae, water molds, and slime molds.
66
organisms are single- celled or simple multicellular organisms.
Kingdom protista
67
a waxy covering over their outer parts that reduces water loss
cuticle
67
obtain their nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into food and then absorbing the predigested nutrients.
The kingdom Fungi
68
tiny openings in leaves and stems for gas exchange
stomata
69
reproductive organs that protect gametes
multi-cellular gametangia
70
The kingdom Fungi consists of ?
molds, yeasts, and mushrooms
71
A taxonomic category that includes one or more kingdoms.
Domain
71
the narrowest classification
species
72
a group of similar organisms that interbreed in their natural environment but do not interbreed with other species.
Species

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